工党特殊教育改革计划面临风险 家长争抢在制度变革前获得支持

英国工党政府推行的特殊教育改革遭遇阻力。智库报告指出，由于家长争相在系统改革前获得教育、卫生和关怀计划（EHCP）支持，政府的2030年改革时间表正面临风险1。政府计划用更广泛的主流学校支持替代EHCP制度1，但这一转变的执行前景堪忧。

根据智库报告，某些地方议会预测到2029年，近十分之一的学生将拥有EHCP1。这种激增可能带来严重的财政后果——额外的特殊教育和残障支持成本可能侵蚀议会期间学校资金增加中约三分之二的部分1。Amber Dellar指出，长期的改革推出造成了"道德风险"，激励家长现在而非等待新系统时申请EHCP1。

对此，教育部发言人予以否认，称"本报告的数据是推测性的，没有证据表明拟议改革推动了额外的EHCP需求"1。政府在2月份承诺进行改革，旨在解决家长被迫寻求EHCP以获得专家支持或特殊学校名额的问题1。

The British Labour government's plan to overhaul special education faces mounting pressure as parents rush to secure support through the existing system before proposed reforms take effect. The government intends to replace the Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) system with more extensive mainstream school support by 20301. However, experts warn that this ambitious timeline may be unachievable without significant adjustments.

A report from the Institute for Government highlights the fiscal and logistical challenges ahead1. Some local councils are projecting that nearly one in ten students will hold an EHCP by 2029, and the additional costs of special education and disability support could consume approximately two-thirds of the generous school funding increases promised during the current parliament1. Amber Dellar, cited in the analysis, argues that the extended rollout of reforms creates a "moral hazard," incentivizing parents to apply for EHCPs now rather than waiting for the new system to be established1.

The government's Department for Education dismissed the concerns, stating that "the data in this report is speculative and there is no evidence that the proposed reforms have driven additional EHCP demand"1. The February reform commitment was designed to address a longstanding problem where parents felt compelled to pursue EHCP designations simply to access specialized support or places in special schools1.