瑞典皇家科学院于2026年10月7日宣布，将诺贝尔化学奖授予法国科学家亨利·B·卡甘和日本科学家硖合宪三，以表彰他们在不对称有机合成中发现的非线性效应和自催化现象126。这两位科学家的研究成果解决了化学领域长达一个多世纪的谜团：生命分子如氨基酸存在两种镜像变体，但细胞蛋白质中仅含有其中一种1。诺贝尔化学委员会主席海纳·林克评价说，"卡甘和硖合宪三提供了一个百年化学谜团的解决方案：手性如何能自发产生"，并指出"他们开发的化学反应是壮观的"1。
卡甘生于1930年，现年96岁，任职于巴黎-南方大学110；硖合宪三生于1950年，现年76岁，任职于东京理科大学110。卡甘在1986年发现了操纵化学反应创建更多镜像分子的方法6，而硖合宪三则在1995年发表关键论文，于2003年最终成功设计了首个仅产生一种镜像分子的化学反应6。这一发现在药物开发中具有重要意义，因为在药物制造中，一个镜像版本可能具有抗病特性，而另一个版本则可能无效4。奖金共计1200万瑞典克朗，相当于100多万欧元或120万美元，由两人平分16。颁奖典礼将在斯德哥尔摩举行38。
The Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences awarded the 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to French scientist Henri B. Kagan and Japanese scientist Kenso Soai for their discoveries of non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric organic synthesis.126 The announcement was made on October 7, 2026.126
Kagan and Soai solved a century-old chemical mystery: how homochirality—the preference for one mirror-image version of molecules—can emerge spontaneously in nature.14 Life molecules such as amino acids exist in two mirror-image forms, yet cellular proteins contain only one of these variants.1 The laureates' research revealed why life selects specific molecular configurations and developed methods to design chemical reactions that produce predominantly one desired mirror-image version.46 According to Nobel Chemistry Committee Chair Heiner Linke, "the chemical reactions they have developed are spectacular."1
Kagan, born in 1930 and affiliated with the University of Paris-South, made his breakthrough in 1986 by discovering a method to manipulate chemical reactions to create more of the desired mirror image.6 Soai, born in 1950 and based at Tokyo University of Science, published a key paper in 1995 and successfully demonstrated in 2003 the first chemical reaction that produces only a single mirror-image molecule.6 The prize money of 12 million Swedish kronor—equivalent to over one million euros or 1.2 million U.S. dollars—will be divided equally between them.16 These findings hold significant implications for pharmaceutical development, where one molecular version may have therapeutic properties while the other remains ineffective.4
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