一些诺贝尔奖获得者在获得荣誉后，开始在自己的专业领域之外宣传未经证实的科学理论，这种现象被称为"诺贝尔病"1。英国皇家学会主席保罗·纳斯首次提出这一术语，他本人也是诺贝尔奖获得者1。纳斯在2001年因生理学或医学贡献获得诺贝尔奖后，收到了大量关于各种话题的采访请求1。
历史上多位获奖者因推崇伪科学而备受关注。化学家林纳斯·鲍林于1954年因化学键研究获得化学奖，1962年因反核武器运动获得和平奖，但他从20世纪60年代中期开始声称维生素C是万能药物，能治疗从癌症到阿尔茨海默病等多种疾病1。病毒学家卢克·蒙塔尼埃2008年因发现HIV获奖，但后来支持顺势疗法，并在COVID-19期间声称SARS-CoV-2病毒在实验室由HIV基因片段创造1。对此，德国病毒学家克里斯蒂安·德罗斯滕在2020年5月的NDR播客中称蒙塔尼埃的说法是"完全胡说八道"1。
DNA结构发现者詹姆斯·沃森同样经历了类似的争议1。沃森1962年因发现DNA结构获奖，但在2000年代早期多次宣传黑人智力低于白人的种族主义理论1。这些案例表明，诺贝尔奖并不能使科学家自动成为全能专家，获奖可能导致某些获奖者高估自身能力1。
Some of the world's most accomplished scientists have fallen prey to a peculiar phenomenon known as "Nobelitis"—a tendency for Nobel laureates to promote unsubstantiated theories far beyond their areas of expertise once they have achieved the highest scientific honor.1
Chemist Linus Pauling exemplifies this pattern.1 After winning the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for his work on chemical bonds and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for his campaign against nuclear weapons, Pauling began asserting from the mid-1960s onward that vitamin C was a cure-all capable of treating diseases ranging from cancer to Alzheimer's disease.1 Similarly, virologist Luc Montagnier, who received the Nobel Prize in 2008 for discovering HIV, subsequently embraced homeopathy and claimed during the COVID-19 pandemic that the SARS-CoV-2 virus was created in a laboratory using HIV gene fragments.1 German virologist Christian Drosten dismissed Montagnier's claims as "complete nonsense" in a May 2020 NDR podcast interview.1 DNA structure discoverer James Watson, who won the Nobel Prize in 1962, repeatedly promoted racist theories in the early 2000s asserting that Black people have lower intelligence than white people.1
The term "Nobelitis" itself was coined by Paul Nurse, president of the Royal Society and a Nobel laureate, who won the Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2001 for his contributions to understanding cell cycle control.1 Nurse has fielded numerous interview requests on a wide array of topics, illustrating how Nobel status can create an expectation of universal expertise.1
评论
还没有评论，欢迎留下第一条。