ChatGPT在生成纽约客风格漫画时，未经授权地复现了超过15名真实漫画家的笔名签名1。其中，漫画家Brendan Loper在5月和8月多次发现自己的笔名"BLOPER"出现在AI生成的内容中1。OpenAI在被告知存在这一问题后开始输出警告信息，但部分漫画仍继续被标上真实漫画家的名字1。
这一现象引发了对AI模型训练数据来源和艺术家权益保护的法律与伦理关切1。虽然2024年Condé Nast与OpenAI签署了多年许可协议，但该协议并未涵盖漫画训练权1。纽约客的标准漫画家合同同样未授权将其作品用于AI训练1。法律专家James Grimmelmann指出，"right of publicity"可能成为诉讼基础，但需要证明商业用途1。
此前，漫画家Jason Adam Katzenstein参与的对Anthropic的集体诉讼于2024年获批1.5亿美元和解1，而巴尔的摩太阳报去年解雇了普利策奖入选者Kevin Kallaugher，转而开始发布AI生成的漫画1。
ChatGPT has been generating New Yorker-style cartoons bearing the unauthorized signatures of more than 15 real cartoonists, raising significant copyright and ethical concerns 1. The AI model has replicated the pen names of established contributors, including cartoonist Brendan Loper, whose signature "BLOPER" appeared on AI-generated content multiple times between May and August 1.
Cartoonist Brendan Loper discovered his name attached to these fabricated works, prompting OpenAI to respond by adding warning messages to some outputs stating that prompts "may violate our guardrails concerning similarity to third-party content" 1. However, the warnings came only after the issue was brought to the company's attention, and some AI-generated cartoons have continued to bear legitimate artists' names 1. OpenAI acknowledged the problem as an "unintended behavior" 1.
The underlying issue centers on training data sourcing and contractual protections. While Condé Nast and OpenAI signed a multi-year licensing agreement in 2024, that deal did not cover cartoon training rights 1. Additionally, the standard New Yorker cartoonist contracts do not authorize use of artists' work for AI model training 1. Legal experts, including James Grimmelmann, have suggested that the "right of publicity" doctrine could potentially form the basis for litigation, though proving commercial use remains necessary 1.
This incident reflects broader tensions in the industry. Cartoonist Jason Adam Katzenstein participated in a class-action lawsuit against Anthropic, which resulted in a $150 million settlement approved in 2024 1. The Baltimore Sun dismissed Pulitzer Prize finalist Kevin Kallaugher last year and began publishing AI-generated comics in his place 1.
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