斯旺西大学与伊斯坦布尔大学的研究团队通过对225名新生儿的研究，发现了产前激素暴露与脑部发育之间的关联1。研究对象包括100名男性新生儿和125名女性新生儿1。研究人员测量了食指与无名指长度的比值（2D:4D比例），这一数值可反映胎儿时期相对于睾酮的雌激素暴露水平1。
在男性新生儿中，研究发现较高的2D:4D比例与头围较大存在关联，而这一关联在女性中未被观察到1。该研究成果已发表在《Early Human Development》2026年第214卷1，为"雌激素化类人猿假说"提供了支持证据1。这一假说认为人脑进化扩大与骨骼女性化特征同时出现1，提示产前雌激素可能在人类脑部演化过程中发挥了重要作用1。
Researchers at Swansea University have identified a potential link between prenatal hormone exposure and brain size development in newborns. In a study of 225 infants, including 100 males and 125 females, scientists examined the relationship between finger length ratios and head circumference 1. The research found that among male newborns, a higher 2D:4D ratio—the proportion of index finger length to ring finger length—correlated with larger head size 1. This ratio serves as a biological marker for prenatal exposure to higher levels of estrogen relative to testosterone 1.
The findings, published in Early Human Development Volume 214 in 2026, support the "feminized ape hypothesis," which posits that human brain expansion occurred alongside skeletal feminization during evolution 1. Notably, researchers did not observe a similar correlation between finger length ratio and head circumference in female infants 1. The study was conducted through collaboration between Swansea University and the Department of Anthropology at Istanbul University 1, suggesting that prenatal estrogen may have played a significant role in shaping human brain development over evolutionary time 1.
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