西班牙宪法法院预计将于10月6日裁定，公款挪用指控已被2024年西班牙政府颁布的赦免法覆盖1，这一裁决将允许流亡加泰罗尼亚前主席卡莱斯·普伊格德蒙特在近九年后安全返回故土1。普伊格德蒙特自2017年独立运动失败后一直流亡海外，而其当时的9名同事因参与非法独立运动被判最长13年，但均已在三年内获释1。
普伊格德蒙特回归时，加泰罗尼亚已发生深刻变化。自2024年起，该地区首次由非民族主义政党社会党（PSC）领导的萨尔瓦多·伊利亚执政，打破1980年以来民族主义党派掌权的局面1。政治气候已从对抗转向合作，但加泰罗尼亚的年轻一代面临更迫切的现实困境：82%的18至30岁年轻人仍与父母同住，反映出就业和住房压力远甚于独立热情1。与此同时，该地区的人口结构也在变化，外来人口占比从2017年的13.8%上升至目前的18.7%，其中巴塞罗那的移民占比达32%，12至35岁年龄段占半数1。此外，支持独立的声音也在走弱，民调显示独立支持度目前徘徊在40%出头，从未达到过半1。
Spain's Constitutional Court is expected to rule on October 6 that embezzlement charges against exiled former Catalan president Carles Puigdemont are covered by an amnesty law passed by the Spanish government in 2024, potentially allowing him to return safely after nearly nine years abroad 1. Puigdemont fled in 2017 following Catalonia's failed independence bid, while nine of his associates involved in the illegal secession movement received sentences of up to 13 years, though all were released within three years 1.
The Catalonia to which Puigdemont may return has undergone profound transformation. Since 2024, the region has been governed by Salvador Illa of the Socialist Party (PSC), marking the first time since 1980 that a non-nationalist party holds power 1. The political landscape has shifted from confrontation toward cooperation, with support for independence never reaching 50 percent and currently hovering around 40 percent 1. Demographic shifts have reshaped society as well: the immigrant population has grown from 13.8 percent in 2017 to 18.7 percent today, while Barcelona's immigrant share stands at 32 percent, comprising 50 percent of the 12-to-35 age group 1.
Young Catalans now face concerns distant from the independence movement. A striking 82 percent of 18-to-30-year-olds remain living with their parents, reflecting widespread employment and housing pressures 1. This generational shift, combined with demographic diversification and the normalization of political governance, represents a fundamentally different region from the one where Puigdemont led the independence push in 2017 1.
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