新西兰原生树种贝壳杉正面临由土壤水霉菌引发的枯萎病威胁。1研究人员通过十年跟踪调查发现，这一病害对森林的碳储存功能造成了严重影响。1健康的贝壳杉林每年每公顷可增加约0.8吨碳，但在轻度受影响的林地中年均损失约0.1吨碳，严重受影响的林地则每年每公顷损失约1吨碳。1
贝壳杉在森林碳汇中的重要性不容忽视。1成熟贝壳杉林平均每公顷含248吨活体碳，年轻再生林约88吨，贝壳杉对森林活体碳储存的平均贡献率约50%，在富碳林地中占比更高。1北岛北部地区，特别是北地和奥克兰怀塔克雷山脉一带，贝壳杉的死亡损失情况最为严重。1
目前，相关部门正在研究和应用包括磷酸盐处理在内的病害防控措施。1公众也可以参与防控工作，通过留在标记路线和清洁鞋类等方式帮助阻止病害传播。1
New Zealand's kauri trees face a significant threat from a soil-borne pathogen that extends far beyond the loss of individual trees, according to research tracking the disease's impact over a decade. The dieback, caused by a soil water mold, fundamentally alters how much carbon forests can store and sequester, with dramatic differences in carbon balance depending on disease severity.1
Healthy kauri forests accumulate approximately 0.8 tonnes of carbon per hectare annually, whereas severely affected woodlands lose roughly 1 tonne per hectare each year—a difference of approximately 1.8 tonnes of carbon per hectare annually.1 Lightly diseased forests experience intermediate losses of about 0.1 tonnes per hectare per year.1 Mature kauri stands contain an average of 248 tonnes of living biomass carbon per hectare, compared to younger regenerating forests which hold around 88 tonnes.1 Kauri trees contribute on average about 50 percent of the living carbon stored in their forests, with proportions rising even higher in carbon-rich woodland areas.1
The northern regions of New Zealand's North Island, particularly Northland and the Waitakere Ranges near Auckland, have experienced the most severe kauri tree mortality.1 Researchers and land managers are exploring phosphate-based treatments and other disease management strategies, while visitors can assist in preventing pathogen spread by staying on marked trails and cleaning their footwear.1
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