波黑在族群分裂加剧中举行大选

波黑于10月4日举行全国大选，约340万选民投票选出多层级政府官员、多族裔三党制总统和联邦议会议员1。此次选举在经济放缓、欧盟入盟进展缓慢和政治僵局的背景下进行1，族群政党与多族裔反对派联盟之间竞争激烈。

被禁从公职的塞族领导人米洛拉德·多迪克因违抗国际特使而被定罪，已被禁从政6年1。多迪克在最后集会上发表强硬言论，称"波黑已死亡，这是一个不可能的国家"1，在访俄回国后进一步呼吁塞族独立1，加剧了国内的族群分裂。其支持的萨沃·米尼奇参选塞族共和国总统1。

波黑于2022年起成为欧盟候选国1。国内人口构成多元，约50%为波什尼亚人（穆斯林），31%为塞族人（东正教），15%为克罗地亚人（天主教）1。投票站于当地时间晚7点（格林威治时间17:00）关闭1。

Bosnia-Herzegovina conducted general elections on October 4, with approximately 3.4 million voters participating in the ballot1. The election determined multiple layers of government officials, including members of the tripartite multi-ethnic presidency and federal parliament representatives1. Polling stations closed at 7 p.m. local time, or 5 p.m. GMT1.

The elections took place against a backdrop of economic slowdown, stalled European Union membership progress, and political deadlock1. Ethnic political parties competed intensely with multi-ethnic opposition coalitions for influence1. The country's population comprises approximately 50 percent Bosniaks (Muslim), 31 percent Serbs (Orthodox Christian), and 15 percent Croats (Catholic)1. Bosnia-Herzegovina has held candidate status for EU membership since 20221.

Ethnic tensions remained prominent in the campaign. Milorad Dodik, a Serb political leader convicted of defying international envoys and barred from public office for six years, returned from a visit to Russia and called for Serb independence, further highlighting internal divisions1. At his final campaign rally, Dodik stated: "Bosnia-Herzegovina is dead, it is an impossible country"1. His supported candidate, Savo Minic, ran for the Serb Republic presidency1.