亚马逊回应数据中心争议 承诺停止与政府签署保密协议

亚马逊云服务CEO Matt Garman发表声明，宣布公司已停止与政府机构签署保密协议（NDA），以回应围绕数据中心项目日益高涨的社区反对意见。1Garman在博文中针对关于数据中心的四大主要争议进行了反驳，包括高水耗、电费上升、污染排放和社区效益不足等问题。1

环保人士Erin Brockovich曾指出，数据中心项目存在的问题模式包括开发商在获得许可后才公布计划、不积极回应社区反馈，以及地方官员在邻近居民知情前已签署保密协议。1针对这些担忧，Garman声称亚马逊数据中心内的发电机99.9%处于闲置状态，每年仅运行约10小时。1关于环境影响，他表示公司数据中心的直接水耗占美国工业用水总量的0.5%。1但根据独立监管机构的最近评估，数据中心是导致美国最大电网电价上涨76%的主要原因。1

数据中心建设禁令在全美范围内蔓延。1纽约宣布了一年期大型数据中心建设禁令，美国目前还有超过100项类似的建设禁令提案。1Garman声称，过去三年亚马逊向拥有数据中心的美国社区贡献超过10亿美元，以彰显项目的社区价值。1值得注意的是，德州计划中的亚马逊数据中心获准每年排放3300万吨二氧化碳，超过美国任何其他发电厂。1

Amazon Web Services CEO Matt Garman announced that the company has discontinued using non-disclosure agreements with government agencies, a move intended to address escalating community opposition to its data center projects 1. In a blog post, Garman attempted to counter four major criticisms of the data centers: excessive water consumption, rising electricity costs, pollution emissions, and insufficient community benefits 1.

The backlash against Amazon's data center expansion has become increasingly significant. More than 100 data center construction ban proposals are currently under consideration across the United States 1, and New York recently announced a one-year moratorium on large data center construction 1. Environmental activist Erin Brockovich has highlighted a common pattern in data center development: projects are announced only after permits are secured, developers are unresponsive to community concerns, and local officials sign NDAs before neighbors are informed 1.

Garman's statement included specific data in defense of the projects. Amazon's data centers directly account for 0.5 percent of total U.S. industrial water usage 1, and backup generators operate at 99.9 percent idle capacity, running approximately 10 hours annually 1. However, a planned Amazon data center in Texas has been approved to emit 33 million tons of carbon dioxide per year, exceeding emissions from any other power plant in the United States 1. An independent regulatory body recently identified data centers as a primary driver of a 76 percent increase in U.S. grid electricity prices 1. Over the past three years, Amazon has contributed more than $1 billion to American communities hosting its data centers 1.