拉脱维亚在生活成本上升背景下举行议会选举

拉脱维亚于10月3日举行第11次独立以来的议会选举，约150万合格选民参与投票，14个政党竞争100个议席1。此次选举在生活成本上升和国家安全问题主导下进行1，俄罗斯威胁和乌克兰战争成为重要背景2。现任总理库尔贝格斯所领导的中右翼联盟在民调中领先，预计将赢得连任12。

尽管民粹党派势力增长可能削弱执政联盟的议会多数，但拉脱维亚政界在国防政策上保持统一立场1。拉脱维亚承诺国防支出至少占国内生产总值的5%，并已部署4架德国欧洲战斗机保护领空1。没有政党提议偏离拉脱维亚与欧盟和北约的明确外交对齐1。

在选民构成方面，俄语使用者群体面临政治身份认同的困境3。这部分选民既支持乌克兰又重视自己的语言权利，却找不到明确的政治代表3。部分选票结果预期将于投票当日晚间公布，正式初步结果预期次日揭晓1。

Latvia held its eleventh parliamentary election since independence on October 3, 2026, with approximately 1.5 million eligible voters participating in the contest for all 100 seats in the Saeima.1 The election took place against a backdrop of surging living costs and heightened national security concerns stemming from Russian threats and the ongoing war in Ukraine.23 Fourteen parties competed under a proportional representation system, with results expected to be partially available on election evening and formally announced the following day.1

Prime Minister Andris Kulbergs, who assumed office in May 2026, led a center-right coalition that was favored in opinion polls.1 However, the political landscape has been complicated by the rise of populist movements that have adopted more moderate stances toward Moscow, even as no party has proposed abandoning Latvia's clear alignment with the European Union and NATO.1 The government has committed to maintaining defense spending at a minimum of 5 percent of GDP, with four German Eurofighter jets already deployed to protect Latvian airspace.1

A notable fault line in the election emerged among Russian-speaking Latvians, who face a political representation gap: many support Ukraine while also valuing their linguistic heritage, yet lack a clear political home among the competing parties.23