一维条形码统治全球零售业已达50年之久，但这一局面正在改变。1国际商品编码协会GS1于2022年宣布启动"Sunrise 2027"计划，计划从2027年起推动全球零售业向二维码转变。1二维码能容纳比传统条形码多200倍的数据，可以追踪产品来源、成分、过期日期等关键信息，这一优势在食品召回和污染事件中尤为突出。1
零售巨头正在为这场转变做准备。1沃尔玛、好市多、Target等主要零售商正在升级扫描器和追踪数据库，1而联合利华等品牌已开始改造包装，涉及45000个SKU。1根据GS1的要求，过渡期内产品必须同时印制条形码和二维码，距离不超过50毫米。1未能及时升级包装的品牌可能面临被下架的风险。1消费者对这一转变的支持度较高，调查显示79%的消费者更倾向于二维码。1
One-dimensional barcodes, which have dominated product tracking for over fifty years, are facing obsolescence as the global retail industry transitions to two-dimensional QR codes.1 GS1 announced the "Sunrise 2027" initiative two years ago, establishing 2027 as the target year for retailers worldwide to complete the shift.1 The transition addresses a critical limitation of traditional barcodes: QR codes can store two hundred times more data than their predecessors, enabling retailers to track product origins, ingredients, expiration dates, and other details that have proven essential during food recalls and contamination events.1
Major retailers including Walmart, Costco, and Target are already upgrading their scanning infrastructure and tracking systems to accommodate the new standard.1 Large brands such as Unilever have begun reformulating their packaging, affecting forty-five thousand SKUs across their product lines.1 During the transition period, GS1 requires manufacturers to print both barcode formats simultaneously on products, with the codes positioned no more than fifty millimeters apart.1 Companies that fail to modernize their packaging risk being delisted from shelves.1 Consumer sentiment supports the change, with seventy-nine percent of shoppers expressing a preference for QR codes.1
The technology underlying QR codes traces back to 1992, when Denso engineer Masahiro Hara developed them after being inspired by the game of Go while working in a Toyota auto parts factory.1 In contrast, the era of traditional barcodes began in 1974 when a Wrigley's Juicy Fruit pack became the first product scanned with a barcode at a grocery store in Troy, Ohio.1 Over the past five decades, barcodes have been applied to more than one billion products worldwide, with billions of scans occurring daily.1
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