约翰霍普金斯医学院的研究发现，血压检查时手臂的放置方式会对测量结果产生显著影响1。研究表明，手臂无支撑地悬垂在身体两侧会使收缩压升高约6.5毫米汞柱、舒张压升高约4.4毫米汞柱，而将手臂搭放在腿上则分别使两项数值升高3.9毫米汞柱和4.0毫米汞柱1。这一差异可能导致血压诊断结果的显著偏差——研究团队指出，如果持续使用无支撑手臂测量，升高6.5毫米汞柱的误差可能将收缩压从123上升至130，或从133上升至140，后者已被认定为第二阶段高血压1。
该研究共纳入133名参与者，其中78%为黑人，52%为女性，年龄跨度为18至80岁，数据收集时间为2022年8月9日至2023年6月1日1。研究建议的正确做法是将手臂支撑在桌子或其他表面上进行血压测量1。这项发现已发表在《美国医学会杂志-内科学》上1。鉴于美国心脏协会指出近半数美国成年人患有高血压的背景，采取正确的测量方式对于获得准确诊断显得尤为重要1。
Researchers at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have identified a significant source of error in blood pressure measurement: the position of the arm during testing.1 When the arm lacks support and hangs freely at the side of the body, systolic blood pressure readings increase by approximately 6.5 millimeters of mercury, while diastolic pressure rises by about 4.4 millimeters of mercury.1 Resting the arm on the lap produces smaller but still substantial increases of 3.9 millimeters of mercury in systolic pressure and 4.0 millimeters of mercury in diastolic pressure.1
These measurement variations have serious clinical implications. As researcher Sherry Liu explained, a consistent 6.5-point error could shift a systolic reading from 123 to 130, or from 133 to 140—crossing into what is classified as Stage 2 hypertension.1 The research involved 133 participants (78 percent Black, 52 percent female, ages 18 to 80) and was conducted between August 9, 2022, and June 1, 2023. The findings were published in JAMA Internal Medicine.1
To ensure accurate blood pressure assessment, researchers recommend that the arm be supported on a table or similar surface during measurement.1 The finding is particularly relevant given that the American Heart Association reports nearly half of all American adults have hypertension.1
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