加州州长纽森签署法律保护工人免受人工智能威胁

加州州长纽森近日签署了多项法律和行政令，旨在保护加州工人免受人工智能带来的威胁。1 这些措施包括禁止雇主利用生物识别数据通过AI预测员工情绪状态，以及要求在AI导致大规模裁员时向工人发送书面通知。1 此外，纽森还禁止雇主仅基于AI算法的决定而解雇员工。1

在行政令方面，纽森要求州机构继续使用"人工智能"这一术语，而非特朗普政府要求的"超级智能"。1 同时他还签署法律要求AI聊天机器人运营商在推出产品前进行风险评估。1 纽森表示，在联邦监管缺位的情况下，"我们必须在州层面做更多工作"。1

California Governor Gavin Newsom has signed multiple laws and executive orders designed to shield workers from artificial intelligence-related risks in the workplace.1 The legislation prohibits employers from using biometric data to predict worker emotional states through AI,1 requires written notification to employees when AI-driven decisions lead to mass layoffs,1 and bars employers from making termination decisions based solely on AI assessments.1

In addition to worker protections, Newsom signed a law requiring AI chatbot operators to conduct risk assessments before deployment.1 He also issued an executive order directing state agencies to continue using the term "artificial intelligence" rather than "superintelligence," as requested by the Trump administration.1

Newsom criticized the federal government's approach to AI regulation, stating that "We have to do a lot more in the absence of federal leadership."1