希腊、德国、奥地利、丹麦和荷兰五个欧盟成员国计划在非洲建立首个遣返中心，预计在2027年下半年投入运营1。这些设施将作为难民申请被拒后的过渡场所1，由参与国全额融资和负责监督，权力不移交给第三国1。
希腊移民部长特诺斯·普列夫里斯强调："我们不是在谈论关闭设施，而是建立开放式设施"1。联合国难民署和国际移民组织将对这些中心进行监督1。新的欧盟《返回条例》于2026年6月17日获得政治同意，为此类安排提供了法律基础，允许将被驱逐者转移至安全第三国1。
虽然具体选址尚未确认，但卢旺达或乌干达被媒体猜测为可能地点1。这一举措引发了人权组织对监管力度和成本效益的担忧1。英国此前启动的"卢旺达模式"（2022年至2024年）耗资7.15亿英镑，仅转移4人1；意大利自2024年起实施的"阿尔巴尼亚模式"迄今约转移500人，估计成本超过6.7亿欧元1。
Five European Union member states—Greece, Germany, Austria, Denmark, and the Netherlands—are planning to establish their first deportation center in Africa, with operations set to begin in the second half of 2027 1. The facility will serve as a transitional center for migrants whose asylum applications have been rejected, with the participating nations assuming full financial responsibility and oversight 1. The specific African location remains unconfirmed, though media reports have speculated about Rwanda or Uganda 1.
According to Greek Migration Minister Thanos Plevris, the initiative focuses on "establishing open facilities" rather than closed detention centers 1. The European Union's new Return Regulation, which received political approval on June 17, 2026, provides the legal framework for this plan by permitting the transfer of deportees to safe third countries without requiring prior individual contact 1. The United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) will oversee operations 1. The participating countries will retain all responsibility, with no authority transferred to third nations 1.
Comparable programs have raised cost-effectiveness concerns: the UK's Rwanda scheme, operational from 2022 to 2024, cost £715 million but relocated only four individuals 1. Italy's Albania program, launched in 2024, has transferred approximately 500 people at an estimated cost exceeding €670 million 1. Human rights organizations have expressed concerns about regulatory oversight and project viability 1.
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