NASA毅力号火星车在杰泽罗陨石坑边缘单元的岩石中发现了多个不同时期的水活动痕迹，揭示了火星古代复杂的水文地质历史1。研究人员原本预期在该地区找到湖泊沉积岩，但实际发现了古老的火成岩，这些岩石在至少三个独立的阶段与水发生了相互作用1。
毅力号于2023年9月到达杰泽罗陨石坑内缘，随后对约265米高度范围内的边缘单元进行了详细检查1。该探测车搭载的SuperCam仪器研究了超过185个基岩目标1。
根据研究，岩石经历了三个不同的水相互作用阶段1。第一阶段中，富含二氧化碳的地下水与橄榄石反应生成了碳酸盐1；第二阶段可能与古代湖泊有关，产生了硅酸盐1；第三阶段涉及热水活动，在岩石中形成了厚约25厘米、含有钙硫酸盐和萤石的矿脉1。这项研究已发表在《通讯地球与环境》期刊上1。
NASA's Perseverance rover has discovered evidence of multiple distinct interactions between water and ancient volcanic rock at the rim of Jezero Crater on Mars 1. The rover arrived at the crater's inner rim in September 2023 and examined an approximately 265-meter-high section of the rim unit 1. Researchers had expected to find lake sediments but instead uncovered igneous rock that experienced water activity across at least three separate geological periods 1.
The SuperCam instrument analyzed more than 185 bedrock targets, revealing three stages of water interaction 1. In the first stage, carbon dioxide-rich groundwater reacted with olivine to produce carbonates 1. The second stage likely involved ancient lakes and generated silicates 1. The third stage featured hydrothermal activity, evidenced by a mineralized vein approximately 25 centimeters thick containing calcium sulfate and fluorite 1.
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