英格兰银行行长呼吁保留对AI行业干预权应对金融风险

英格兰银行行长安德鲁·贝利表示，监管当局必须保留对人工智能行业的"干预权"，以应对前沿AI模型对金融系统构成的威胁1。贝利指出，AI的快速发展正在扩大网络威胁的规模和复杂性，可能对支付、交易等关键金融活动造成影响1。

英格兰银行金融政策委员会发出警告，AI债务在2024年1月至9月期间达到4500亿美元（合339亿英镑），已超过英国政府2026年全年计划发行的333亿英镑国债1。该委员会指出，大型AI公司的债务与对冲基金、资产管理公司和私募信贷公司的投资紧密关联，而这些科技公司尚未实现盈利，加剧了金融稳定风险1。

对于应对措施，贝利表示"监管不是我认为的正确起点"，建议从对新模型进行严格测试开始1。

Andrew Bailey, Governor of the Bank of England, has warned that authorities must preserve the ability to intervene in the artificial intelligence industry to counter escalating threats to financial stability 1. He characterized the risks posed by frontier AI models as "real and increasingly significant," noting that rapid AI development has amplified the scale and complexity of cyber threats that could jeopardize critical financial activities including payments and trading 1.

The Bank's Financial Policy Committee has raised particular concerns about the explosive growth of AI-related debt, which surged to $450 billion (£339 billion) between January and September 2024—already exceeding the £333 billion in gilts the UK government plans to issue over the full year 2026 1. The Committee warned that large technology companies with unprofitable business models have become heavily indebted to hedge funds, asset managers, and private credit firms, a concentration that poses mounting financial stability risks 1.

Bailey stressed that "regulation is not, in my view, the right place to start," suggesting instead that rigorous testing of new AI models should form the starting point for oversight 1. His call for maintaining an intervention capability reflects growing concerns within financial policymaking about the intersection of AI advancement and systemic financial vulnerability.