全球柴油价格急剧上升，正对欧洲经济造成沉重负担。美国汽油平均价格已达到每加仑6.52美元（€5.73），较一年前的3.74美元大幅攀升1。俄罗斯炼油厂自2022年以来遭袭击多达15次，炼油产能较2025年下降近30%1。美国指责乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂的袭击导致了柴油短缺。同时，美国柴油出口较去年增长37%，占欧洲需求的约8%1，但特朗普政府于9月22日宣布考虑实施柴油出口禁令1。
欧盟因其车队结构特征而首当其冲。欧盟乘用车中38%使用柴油，道路运输占柴油和汽油总消费的77%1。这种对柴油的依赖导致欧洲驾驶员和运输业承受巨大经济压力——驾驶员平均每50升柴油多付€30，德国长途卡车司机每周额外支出€2361。欧盟道路柴油日额外成本达€270百万，其中€203百万用于柴油1。自战争开始以来，欧盟经济已因道路柴油付出€40亿的额外成本1。
Surging global diesel prices are placing mounting pressure on Europe's economy, with the continent particularly vulnerable due to its heavy reliance on diesel-powered vehicles and fuel imports.1 The United States has blamed attacks on Russian refineries attributed to Ukraine for exacerbating diesel shortages, with Russian refining capacity declining by nearly 30% compared to 2025 levels.1 American gasoline prices have reached an average of $6.52 per gallon (€5.73), a dramatic increase from $3.74 a year earlier.1
Europe's exposure to fuel price volatility stems from its fleet composition and consumption patterns.1 Diesel vehicles account for 38% of the EU's passenger cars, while road transport represents 77% of combined diesel and gasoline consumption.1 The cost impact has been substantial: EU drivers pay an average of €30 extra per 50 liters of diesel, while German long-haul truck drivers face an additional €236 weekly expense.1 Daily extra costs for road diesel across the EU total €270 million, with €203 million attributed to diesel alone.1 Since the war began, the EU economy has absorbed €4 billion in additional road diesel expenses.1
The energy crisis reflects broader supply disruptions, with Russian refineries having been targeted in approximately 15 attacks since 2022.1 American diesel exports have grown 37% year-over-year and now account for roughly 8% of European demand.1 However, potential relief remains uncertain, as the Trump administration announced consideration of a diesel export ban on September 22.1
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