SpaceX星舰火箭首次成功进入地球轨道

SpaceX成功实现了星舰火箭的历史性突破，将这艘迄今最强大的航天器8首次送入地球轨道456。火箭从得克萨斯州星基地发射场于当地时间7时48分升空5，完成了第14次试飞25。尽管上升过程中发生了一次发动机故障5，任务控制人员仍决定继续推进轨道燃烧，使星舰成功实现绕地球轨道运行5。任务控制中心宣布"星舰已进入轨道"4。

本次测试飞行计划历时约10小时，星舰预计绕地球轨道飞行6圈346。火箭搭载了新型星链卫星升空126，其中包括26颗最新型星链卫星4，这些卫星将加入现有的11,000颗星链卫星提供互联网服务4。星舰由超过120米高的上层和"超级重型"助推器组成5，需要以约28,000公里/小时的速度才能保持轨道5。

莱斯特大学天体物理学和空间科学教授马丁·巴斯托表示，"这对SpaceX来说是一个重要的里程碑，星舰首次成功进入轨道"5。这一成就标志着SpaceX从测试开发阶段向可执行月球和火星任务的工作车辆过渡5。SpaceX和美国宇航局计划使用星舰将宇航员送上月球，作为新月球探险时代的一部分5。

SpaceX successfully launched its Starship rocket into Earth's orbit for the first time, marking a major milestone for the world's most powerful aerospace vehicle.123456 The Flight 14 test mission lifted off from the Starbase facility in southern Texas at 7:48 a.m. local time on September 28.45 Despite an engine failure during ascent that threatened to prevent the rocket from reaching orbit, mission control proceeded with the orbital burn, allowing Starship to successfully enter and circle Earth.5

The spacecraft, which stands over 120 meters tall and comprises the Starship upper stage and Super Heavy booster, was designed to complete approximately six orbits around Earth over a planned 10-hour flight, though the mission concluded earlier than originally scheduled.345 To maintain orbit, the rocket needed to achieve speeds of approximately 28,000 kilometers per hour.5 The mission carried next-generation Starlink V3 satellites, with 26 of the newest model deployed during this flight, expanding the existing constellation of 11,000 satellites that provide internet services.4 Three of these satellites were equipped with cameras to document Starship's heat shield performance.5

This achievement represents a critical transition for SpaceX from the development and testing phase toward operational capability for lunar and Mars missions.5 SpaceX and NASA aim to use Starship to transport astronauts to the Moon as part of a new era of lunar exploration, and the vehicle is also intended for commercial flights, in-orbit data center deployment, and deep space exploration.45