一项新研究表明，特朗普政府对美国大学研究的大规模打击是建立在长期系统性影响基础之上的。12025年，特朗普政府冻结了数十亿美元研究资金，对75所高等教育机构展开调查，并要求大学签署支持政府政策的协议以获得联邦资金。1这些行动对学术机构的独立性造成了深远影响——美国学术自由指数从2019年的3.3分急剧下滑至2025年的1.7分（满分4分）。1
研究揭示了这一转变的深层根源。1在2010至2020年间，六家化石燃料公司向美国大学捐赠超过7亿美元，成为塑造大学治理方向的关键力量。1与此同时，自由意志主义捐助者网络和保守智库也长期推动了对大学治理结构的改造。1在2021至2023年间，超过150项州议案针对终身教职、教职员工治理和多样性相关问题进行了限制。1预计在2025-2026学年，美国纳税人资金中将有5000万美元流向州立自由意志主义学术中心。1
具体案例显示这种影响的实际后果。1普林斯顿大学的气候研究资助被取消400万美元。1研究主要作者诺埃尔·希利表示："气候政策的质量取决于其背后的证据。当被监管的产业能够塑造研究人员提出的问题时，它最终也会塑造政策本身。"1
A new study reveals that the Trump administration's assault on American universities builds upon decades of systematic efforts by libertarian donor networks, fossil fuel companies, and conservative think tanks to reshape university governance.1 In 2025, the Trump administration froze billions of dollars in research funding, launched investigations into 75 institutions, and required universities to sign agreements endorsing government policies as a condition for receiving federal funds.1
The erosion of academic independence has been measurable and steep. The American Academic Freedom Index fell from 3.3 in 2019 to 1.7 on a four-point scale in 2025, according to the research.1 Climate research has been particularly affected; Princeton University saw $4 million in climate research funding cancelled.1 This recent crackdown follows years of coordinated pressure: between 2010 and 2020, six fossil fuel companies donated more than $700 million to American universities,1 while more than 150 state legislative proposals between 2021 and 2023 targeted tenure protections, faculty governance, and diversity initiatives.1 Looking ahead to the 2025-2026 academic year, an estimated $50 million in American taxpayer funds is expected to flow to state-based libertarian academic centers.1
The study's lead author, Noel Healy, emphasized the implications of this influence: "Climate policy is only as good as the evidence behind it. When the industry being regulated gets to shape the questions researchers ask, it ends up shaping the policy too."1
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