加拿大艾伯塔省周四发现一只死鼠，这一发现打破了该省长达70多年的无鼠历史纪录1。自1950年建立鼠害防控项目以来，艾伯塔省一直通过严格措施维持无鼠状态1。该省在1950年修订《艾伯塔农业害虫法》，强制每个人和市镇销毁发现的老鼠1。1950年代，当局使用了140,000磅砷三氧化物处理2,700个农场的8,000栋建筑，并设立了面积为600公里×30公里的防控区1。
过去十年间，北美主要城市的鼠患数量大幅增长，其中华盛顿特区增长390%，旧金山增长300%，纽约增长162%，多伦多增长186%1。艾伯塔省的鼠害防控热线每年接到数百个电话，其中大多数误报为鼠鼠、田鼠等其他啮齿动物1。
Alberta has discovered its first confirmed dead rat in more than 70 years, marking a significant breach in one of North America's most aggressive pest control operations 1. The province has maintained a rat-free status since establishing its rodent control program in 1950, when authorities treated 8,000 buildings across 2,700 farms with 140,000 pounds of arsenic trioxide between June 1952 and July 1953 1. A protective perimeter covering 600 kilometers by 30 kilometers was established to prevent rodent incursions 1.
The discovery underscores growing pressure from rising rat populations across major North American cities, driven partly by climate change 1. Over the past decade, rat infestations have surged dramatically in nearby urban centers: Washington D.C. saw a 390 percent increase, San Francisco experienced a 300 percent rise, Toronto reported a 186 percent jump, and New York recorded a 162 percent increase 1. Alberta's rodent hotline receives hundreds of calls annually, though most reports turn out to be misidentifications of voles and other rodents rather than actual rats 1. To maintain its rat-free status, Alberta amended its Agricultural Pests Act in 1950 to make destruction of discovered rats mandatory for all individuals and municipalities 1.
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