维也纳大学的研究团队通过分析克鲁西亚属三个热带树种的基因组，阐明了这些植物如何通过一种特殊的光合作用方式在干旱环境中存活1。研究发现，这些树木采用CAM光合作用策略，在夜间吸收二氧化碳，并在白天保持气孔关闭以减少水分散失1。
研究表明，这种多样化的生存策略源于远古时期的基因组复制事件1。经过数百万年的遗传重组，不同物种进化出了各具特色的CAM形式1。其中红花克鲁西亚采用强CAM策略；小果克鲁西亚主要在受压环境下启动CAM机制；大果克鲁西亚则采用C3光合作用与CAM相结合的混合策略1。这一发现已于2026年9月23日发表在《自然通讯》期刊上1，为开发更加耐旱的农作物品种提供了潜在的科学启示1。
Researchers at the University of Vienna have identified how three tropical tree species in the Clusia genus survive arid conditions through a specialized photosynthetic process called CAM photosynthesis 1. The study, led by Wolfram Weckwerth, reveals that these trees absorb carbon dioxide during the night while keeping their stomata closed during the day to conserve water 1.
The research, published in Nature Communications in September 2026, demonstrates that millions of years of genetic recombination following ancient genome duplication produced diverse forms of CAM photosynthesis across different Clusia species 1. The three species examined employ distinct survival strategies: Clusia rosea uses strong CAM photosynthesis, Clusia minor activates CAM primarily under stress conditions, and Clusia major employs a hybrid approach combining both C3 and CAM photosynthesis 1. These findings suggest potential applications for developing drought-resistant crops, offering insights into how plants adapt genetically to environmental pressures over evolutionary timescales 1.
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