澳大利亚研究人员对痴呆症患者进行了首次调查研究，探究他们对辅助自主死亡的看法1。调查涉及36名痴呆症患者进行初步问卷调查，随后对其中12人进行深入访谈1。受访者对痴呆症患者获得辅助自主死亡选择权表示压倒性支持，认为这是一项基本人权，并认为拒绝提供此选项具有歧视性1。
患者普遍表达的核心恐惧包括生活质量下降、失去身体控制、可能遭受虐待和被迫接受不想要的护理1。研究表明，痴呆症患者能够理性地权衡辅助自主死亡的风险1。然而，澳大利亚现行法律禁止痴呆症患者选择辅助自主死亡，主要因由是对患者知情决策能力的担忧1。相比之下，荷兰和加拿大等国已为部分痴呆症患者提供辅助自主死亡选择，具有特定保障措施1。
值得注意的是，受访者对现有保护性措施持怀疑态度，认为这些措施可能增加而非降低被虐待风险1。研究人员建议，痴呆症患者应在相关政策制定中发挥核心作用1。
Researchers in Australia have conducted the first major survey examining the perspectives of people living with dementia on voluntary assisted dying.1 In the study, 36 participants completed an initial questionnaire, with 12 subsequently participating in detailed interviews.1 The overwhelming majority of respondents expressed support for dementia patients to have access to voluntary assisted dying, viewing it as a fundamental human right.1 They characterized the denial of this option as discriminatory toward people with dementia.1
Current Australian law prohibits people with dementia from choosing voluntary assisted dying, primarily due to concerns about their capacity to make informed decisions.1 However, countries including the Netherlands and Canada have already extended voluntary assisted dying options to certain dementia patients, with specific safeguards in place.1 The research reveals that people with dementia are capable of rationally weighing the risks and benefits of this option and should play a central role in policy development on the matter.1
The study identified key concerns among participants, who expressed fears about declining quality of life, loss of bodily control, potential abuse, and being forced to receive unwanted care.1 Notably, respondents were skeptical of protective measures, believing such safeguards could actually increase rather than decrease the risk of abuse.1
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