英国首相伯纳姆上任不足两个月期间，美国总统特朗普的一项表态引发英国内部政治风波。1特朗普在2026年9月13日访问爱尔兰期间表示支持北爱尔兰与爱尔兰合并。1随后一天，威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰三地领导人在卡迪夫举行会晤，并签署谅解备忘录，联合呼吁英国政府承认三地的宪政自决权。1
三地领导人所指的自决权定义为"有权以民主方式决定自身宪制前途"。1其中苏格兰和北爱尔兰分别提议举行独立公投，而威尔士目前未设定独立公投时间表。1按现行制度，独立公投需要经威斯敏斯特议会授权，英国政府掌握否决权。1值得注意的是，三方领导人以各自党派领袖身份出席此次会晤，而非代表地方政府。1
这场政治风波的背景可追溯至1998年。1当年通过的《苏格兰法》《威尔士政府法》《北爱尔兰法》启动了权力下放进程，随后三地议会相继在次年成立。1伯纳姆曾表态拟设立"北方唐宁街10号"，试图加强中央政府对地方的联系。1
Prime Minister Burnham is confronting unprecedented constitutional pressures just weeks into his tenure, as leaders from Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland have united to demand greater autonomy. The crisis was triggered when U.S. President Trump expressed support for Irish reunification during a visit to Ireland on September 13, 2026, stating his backing for Northern Ireland's merger with Ireland.1
In response, the first ministers of Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland convened in Cardiff on September 14, 2026, where they signed a memorandum of understanding calling on the UK government to recognize what they term the "right to self-determination"—defined as "the right to democratically decide their own constitutional future."1 Scotland and Northern Ireland have proposed holding independence referendums, though Wales has not established a timeline for such a vote.1 Currently, any independence referendum requires authorization from Westminster, where the UK government holds veto power.1
The three regional leaders made their appeal in their capacity as party leaders rather than as representatives of their devolved administrations.1 This development comes against the backdrop of devolution arrangements established through legislation passed in 1998—the Scotland Act, the Welsh Government Act, and the Northern Ireland Act—which initiated a decentralization process, with the three regional parliaments being established the following year.1
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