中国最高法："先刑后民"并非适用于所有案件

中国最高人民法院发布了关于审理涉及刑事犯罪的民事纠纷案件的规定，共24条，自2026年9月22日起施行1。该规定澄清"先刑后民"并非适用于所有案件，不能错误理解为只要涉及刑事犯罪就不能提起民事诉讼1。

规定明确了民刑诉讼的并行适用情景。在刑、民两个诉讼存在关联但并非涉及同一事实，且刑事诉讼不能为当事人提供救济的情况下，应当允许"民刑并行"1。涉及刑事犯罪的民事案件依法受理后，应当与有关的刑事案件分别审理，原则上不受刑事诉讼程序的影响1。

China's Supreme Court has issued a new judicial regulation comprising 24 provisions governing the adjudication of civil disputes involving criminal conduct, effective September 22, 2026.1 The regulation clarifies that the principle of "criminal first, civil later" is not universally applicable and should not be misinterpreted to mean that civil lawsuits cannot be filed whenever criminal conduct is involved.1

According to a spokesperson from the Supreme Court's Research Office, civil and criminal proceedings should proceed in parallel when the two lawsuits are related but do not concern the same facts, and when criminal proceedings cannot provide the necessary remedy for the parties involved.1 The new regulation emphasizes that civil cases involving criminal conduct must be handled independently once accepted by the court and should not, as a general rule, be affected by the progress or outcome of concurrent criminal proceedings.1