犹太人大屠杀受害者的继承人在加州法院提起两起诉讼，要求归还纳粹时期被掠夺的艺术品。1其中一起诉讼在洛杉矶高等法院提起，要求位于帕萨迪纳的诺顿·西蒙博物馆归还1530年卢卡斯·克拉纳赫创作的《亚当与夏娃》油画；另一起诉讼在联邦法院提起，要求波兰奥斯维辛集中营博物馆归还大屠杀幸存者迪娜·戈特利波娃·巴比特被迫为纳粹医生约瑟夫·门格勒绘制的水彩画。1这两起诉讼于同一天（星期一）分别在两家法院提起，是加州和美国国会通过加强艺术品所有权保护法律后提起的首批诉讼。1
诺顿·西蒙博物馆对克拉纳赫画作的所有权存在既有争议。1该博物馆声称2018年联邦法院已一致裁定其对该画作拥有合法产权，美国最高法院也在2019年5月拒绝介入该案件。1与此同时，奥斯维辛集中营博物馆发言人表示，戈特利波娃·巴比特绘制的水彩画记录了门格勒的罪行和种族研究实验，应当保留在纪念馆中。1
1933年至1945年间，纳粹政权从欧洲掠夺了超过60万件艺术作品。1洛杉矶地区大约有2500名大屠杀幸存者。1
Descendants of Holocaust victims have filed two lawsuits in California seeking the return of artworks plundered during the Nazi era.1 One case, filed in Los Angeles Superior Court, targets the Norton Simon Museum in Pasadena, demanding restitution of "Adam and Eve," a 1530 oil painting by Lucas Cranach.1 A second lawsuit, brought in federal court, seeks the return of watercolor paintings created by Holocaust survivor Dina Gottliebova Babbit, who was forced to paint them for Nazi doctor Josef Mengele.1
These represent the first lawsuits filed under newly strengthened art ownership protection laws enacted by California and the U.S. Congress.1 The Norton Simon Museum contested the Cranach claim, citing a 2018 federal court ruling that unanimously determined the museum held legal title to the painting.1 The U.S. Supreme Court declined to intervene in the case in May 2019.1
The cases underscore ongoing efforts to recover cultural property seized during the Nazi period. Between 1933 and 1945, the Nazi regime looted more than 600,000 artworks from across Europe.1 The Los Angeles area is home to approximately 2,500 Holocaust survivors.1 An Auschwitz Museum spokesman stated that Babbit's watercolors document Mengele's crimes and racial experiments and should be preserved in the memorial.1
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