Muscogee Nation部落的黑人后裔Rhonda Grayson和Jeffrey Kennedy向俄克拉荷马城联邦地方法院提起诉讼，要求部落领导人发放公民证。1被告包括部落首长David Hill和Muscogee Nation公民委员会。1
部落最高法院曾在2025年7月裁定Grayson和Kennedy有权获得部落公民身份，但首长和公民委员会拒绝执行该裁决。1诉讼指控这一行为违反了1866年Muscogee Nation与美国政府签署的条约。1根据该条约，部落被要求废除奴隶制并向被解放奴隶及其后裔授予公民身份。1
诉讼所涉及的Black Creek Freedmen，是指部落内那些因历史原因被奴役后获得解放的黑人及其后裔。然而，部落在1979年通过的宪法规定，成员资格仅限于Dawes名册上记载的Muscogee血统人士。1这一条款有效地将Freedmen后裔排除在外。
根据律师Damario Solomon-Simmons的说法，美国约有100,000名Black Creeks。1Grayson表示："每一天的不遵从都是另一天Black Creek Freedmen被否认我们的权利。"1
在其他部落中，情况有所不同。Seminole Nation和Cherokee Nation已向Freedmen后裔授予公民权。1
Rhonda Grayson and Jeffrey Kennedy, descendants of Black Creek Freedmen, filed a federal lawsuit Thursday in Oklahoma City against the Muscogee Nation, seeking to compel tribal leadership to issue them citizenship certificates 1. The lawsuit names Principal Chief David Hill and the Muscogee Nation Citizenship Committee as defendants 1.
The legal action follows a July 2025 ruling by the Muscogee Nation Supreme Court that determined Grayson and Kennedy are entitled to tribal citizenship 1. Despite this decision, Chief Hill and the Citizenship Committee have refused to enforce it 1. The plaintiffs contend that the tribe's non-compliance violates the 1866 treaty between the Muscogee Nation and the U.S. government, which required the tribe to abolish slavery and grant citizenship to the descendants of formerly enslaved people 1.
The dispute stems from a 1979 tribal constitution that restricts membership to descendants of Muscogee ancestry listed on the Dawes Rolls 1. This policy excludes Black Creek Freedmen, whose ancestors were enslaved by Creek Nation members before emancipation. According to attorney Damario Solomon-Simmons, approximately 100,000 Black Creeks live in the United States 1.
"Every day of non-compliance is another day Black Creek Freedmen are denied our rights," Grayson stated 1.
Other tribes have taken different approaches to this issue. Both the Seminole Nation and Cherokee Nation have already granted citizenship to Freedmen descendants 1.
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