美国总统特朗普宣布对60多个国家征收10%-12.5%的新关税[1][3]，涉及占美国进口总额99%的贸易伙伴[1]。特朗普政府声称此举针对这些国家未能充分执行禁止强制劳动商品进口的政策[1][2]。
美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔表示："美国近一个世纪以来一直禁止进口强制劳动商品，并严格执行；现在是贸易伙伴做同样事情的时候了。"[1]新关税依据《1974年贸易法》第301条实施[1][2]，将于周五凌晨12:01生效，替代原有的临时10%全球关税[1][2]。
原油、天然气和化肥等产品以及符合《美墨加协议》免税资格的产品被豁免[1][2]。此外，美国贸易代表办公室已启动对16个国家（占美国进口总额70%）是否过度生产商品的调查[1]。
巴西面临12.5%关税，该国称此举"武断和不合理"，计划启动互惠法并向世贸组织提出申诉[1]。智利同样面临12.5%关税，称该措施与其劳动制度不符[1]。
民主党对这一措施提出质疑。众议院筹款委员会主席理查德·尼尔称"今天的强迫劳动借口太方便，不值得认真对待"[3]。国会联合经济委员会估计美国家庭在特朗普政策下多付3500美元[3]。
President Trump has announced new tariffs ranging from 10% to 12.5% on 60 trading partners, effective Friday at 12:01 a.m. [1][2] The administration justified the action by citing these nations' failure to adequately enforce bans on importing goods produced through forced labor [1][2].
The new tariffs will replace a temporary 10% global tariff set to expire Friday and affect trading partners representing 99% of U.S. imports [1]. According to the U.S. Trade Representative's office, the measures are authorized under Section 301 of the 1974 Trade Act, which permits the president to impose tariffs on countries engaging in "unreasonable" trade practices [1].
U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer stated: "The United States has prohibited the importation of forced labor goods for nearly a century and rigorously enforces this policy; now is the time for our trading partners to do the same" [1].
The administration has simultaneously launched investigations into 16 countries accounting for 70% of U.S. imports to determine whether they are overproducing goods [1]. Crude oil, natural gas, fertilizers, and products qualifying for tariff exemptions under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement will be excluded from the new duties [1][2].
Several countries have already registered opposition. Brazil, facing a 12.5% tariff, characterized the action as "arbitrary and unreasonable" and announced plans to invoke reciprocal trade measures and file a complaint with the World Trade Organization [1]. Chile, also subject to a 12.5% rate, stated the tariffs are inconsistent with its labor practices [1].