美国宇航局的月球勘测轨道器发现了一个直径728英尺、深141英尺的新撞击坑，名为麦格琴坑1。这个撞击坑形成于2024年4月11日至5月22日之间1，是迄今为止太阳系中发现的最大新形成撞击坑1。撞击由一颗约三至六层楼大小的小行星或彗星造成1。
根据Intuitive Machines公司图像处理专家罗伯特·瓦格纳的研究，撞击在月球东边缘周围4英里范围内产生了明显的温度异常区域1。其中夜间温度比周围地形低约16华氏度1。月球类似规模的撞击事件约每百年发生一次或更少1。
该发现于2025年10月24日被识别，相关研究成果于2026年9月16日发表在《科学进展》期刊上1。月球勘测轨道器已运行17年以上，迄今已识别至少1000个新撞击坑1。
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has identified a previously unknown impact crater on the Moon with a diameter of 728 feet and a depth of 141 feet.1 Named Méchain crater, the formation occurred between April 11 and May 22, 2024, making it the largest newly formed impact crater discovered in the solar system to date.1 The crater was created by the collision of an asteroid or comet roughly three to six stories in size striking the lunar surface.1
The discovery was made on October 24, 2025, and published on September 16, 2026, in the journal Science Advances.1 Robert Wagner, an image processing specialist at Intuitive Machines, contributed to the finding.1 The impact generated a distinctive thermal signature across an area approximately 4 miles wide, with nighttime temperatures in the surrounding region measuring about 16 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the surrounding terrain.1 According to the data, impacts of this scale occur on the Moon roughly once every hundred years or less frequently.1
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which has been in operation for more than 17 years, has identified at least 1,000 new impact craters through its continued observations.1
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