陸委會副主委沈有忠在政治大學研討會上指出，習近平自2012年掌權以來已打破中共集體領導及任期制度，不斷強化集權治理並可能邁向終身執政 1。他表示，習近平通過反腐控制官僚與軍隊，並深化意識形態控制 1。截至目前，24名中共中央政治局委員中已有3人落馬，包括何衛東、張又俠、馬興瑞 1。中共中央軍委目前僅剩習近平及張升民 1。沈有忠預期中共即將召開的五中全會將有更多人落馬 1。
在經濟方面，中國面臨內需不振、失業率高企等結構性挑戰 1。中國今年上半年經濟成長率為4.7% 1，但7月城鎮青年失業率達17.9% 1，超過2億人從事不穩定的「靈活就業」 1。與此同時，中共軍事擴張持續威脅台灣及印太地區 1。中共今年國防預算增長7%，已連續31年增加國防預算，成為世界第二大軍事支出國 1。今年7月在台灣周邊海域偵測到的中國船舶數量達244艘，創下新紀錄 1。此外，中共於2025年成立中央社會治理工作領導小組，由蔡奇擔任組長 1。
Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council Vice Chairman Shen Youzhong warned that Xi Jinping is progressively consolidating power and could be heading toward indefinite tenure in office.1 Speaking at a symposium at National Chengchi University in Taipei, Shen argued that Xi has dismantled the Communist Party's collective leadership system and term limits since taking power in 2012, using anti-corruption campaigns to maintain control over the bureaucracy and military while tightening ideological oversight.1
The political landscape within the CCP's top echelon has already shifted dramatically, with three of the 24 Central Committee Politburo members having been purged, including He Weidong, Zhang Youxia, and Ma Xingrui.1 The CCP's Central Military Commission now consists solely of Xi and Zhang Shengmin.1 Shen indicated that the upcoming Fifth Plenum of the CCP Central Committee is expected to result in additional purges.1
Beyond internal politics, Shen highlighted mounting security and economic pressures facing Beijing. China's military expansion poses an ongoing threat to Taiwan and the broader Indo-Pacific region, with the country's defense budget increasing by 7 percent this year as part of a 31-year consecutive pattern of military spending growth, making China the world's second-largest military spender.1 In July alone, 244 Chinese vessels were detected in waters surrounding Taiwan, setting a new record.1 Meanwhile, China's economic performance shows mounting structural vulnerabilities: the first-half growth rate stood at 4.7 percent, youth unemployment in urban areas reached 17.9 percent in July, and over 200 million people are engaged in unstable "flexible employment."1 The CCP established a Central Social Governance Work Leadership Group in 2025, with Cai Qi serving as its director.1
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