美国众议院以262票对159票的多数通过《2026年林赛·格雷厄姆制裁俄罗斯和伊朗法案》15，该法案已于上月在参议院以86票对11票通过2。这项立法授予特朗普总统对俄罗斯能源主要购买国实施最高达100%关税的权力512，并允许对俄罗斯能源部门、防御部门、普京及其他高级官员以及莫斯科影子舰队实施制裁2。
法案以共和党参议员林赛·格雷厄姆的名字命名，格雷厄姆于2025年4月起草该方案2，并于7月去世25。众议院民主党领导人哈基姆·杰弗瑞斯指出该法案存在"很多漏洞"10，并表示"这项立法将赋予唐纳德·特朗普或许不受限制的权力对美国人民实施关税"2。尽管民主党领导层反对7，但众议院仍克服分歧通过了该法案。
目前该法案已送交总统特朗普办公室246，特朗普已表示将签署2。
该法案引发了国际关注，尤其是在俄罗斯的主要石油进口国。印度作为全球第三大石油进口国，俄罗斯已成为其最大供应商之一11。2022年12月至2026年8月期间，中国占俄罗斯原油出口的50%，印度占37%12。印度警告美国的新关税可能会影响双边关系13，并誓言要保护本国能源安全11。民主党参议员理查德·布卢门撒尔对两国表示："你们最好从别处购买石油和天然气"12。
The US House of Representatives has passed comprehensive sanctions legislation targeting Russia, empowering President Trump to impose tariffs of up to 100 percent on countries that purchase Russian energy 2512. The measure, formally titled the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026, advanced by a vote of 262 to 159 125. The bill previously cleared the Senate with an 86-to-11 majority 2, and now awaits Trump's signature 246.
The legislation targets Russia's energy and defense sectors, senior government officials including President Putin, and Moscow's shadow fleet operations 2. It grants the president discretionary authority to impose secondary sanctions through tariffs against third-party nations dependent on Russian oil and natural gas 25. The bill bears the name of late Senator Lindsey Graham, who drafted the legislation in April 2025 before his death in July 25.
The measure has provoked significant concern across party lines. Democratic House leader Hakeem Jeffries warned the bill contains "so many loopholes" that could undermine its effectiveness 10, further questioning why Congress would grant the president additional power to impose tariffs that could harm American consumers 10. Republican lawmakers have privately expressed concerns that the legislation grants excessive tariff authority to the president 1.
India, as one of the world's largest importers of Russian crude oil, faces particular exposure to the new sanctions regime 1213. Russian oil constitutes approximately 30 percent of India's crude imports, valued at $40.8 billion 12. India has warned that new US tariffs over Russian oil purchases could impact bilateral relations while pledging to protect its energy security and continue diversifying its supplier base 1113. Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy met with lawmakers to urge passage of the measure and observed early procedural votes 2.
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