北京大学深圳医院在9月15日世界淋巴瘤宣传日当天举办公益义诊，通过患者病例强调淋巴瘤的隐匿性特征1。该院医生以患者豪叔的诊疗经历为例，说明这类肿瘤容易伪装成其他常见疾病。豪叔一年前发现颈部肿块，初期穿刺检查提示"不除外结核"，被误诊为30年前旧病复发，接受了针对结核病的治疗，但效果不佳1。去年12月，他因突发严重呼吸困难入院，并发生消化道穿孔1。经过胸水检测发现异常淋巴细胞占比高达10%，流式细胞术最终确认了异常B淋巴细胞的存在，确诊为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤1。
完成六次规范化疗后，豪叔于今年5月复查PET-CT显示体内没有活跃肿瘤病灶，实现完全代谢缓解1。专家指出，淋巴瘤是我国十大常见恶性肿瘤之一，其中非霍奇金淋巴瘤占全部病例90%以上1。淋巴瘤与结核病在早期症状上高度重合，都会出现淋巴结肿大、盗汗、低热、消瘦等表现1。医生提醒，无痛性进行性淋巴结肿大是淋巴瘤的典型信号1。患者若在颈部、腋下、腹股沟等部位摸到不痛不痒、持续变大的包块，应及时就医排查1。同时建议定期进行体检，包括淋巴结超声、胸部CT、血常规等常规检查1。
Peking University Shenzhen Hospital held a public health screening event on September 15, coinciding with World Lymphoma Awareness Day, to highlight how lymphomas often masquerade as common diseases like tuberculosis 1. The hospital's multidisciplinary team presented a case study of a patient referred to as "Uncle Hao" to underscore the diagnostic challenges posed by this malignancy.
Uncle Hao's condition illustrates the dangers of misdiagnosis. A year before his hospitalization, he discovered a neck mass that initial needle aspiration suggested could be tuberculosis, leading physicians to attribute it to a recurrence of tuberculosis he had contracted 30 years prior 1. When treatment proved ineffective, his condition deteriorated, and he was admitted to the hospital last December after experiencing severe respiratory distress and a perforated digestive tract 1. The crucial diagnostic breakthrough came when chest fluid analysis revealed abnormal lymphocytes comprising 10 percent of the sample, with flow cytometry confirming the presence of abnormal B lymphocytes 1. He was definitively diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and underwent six cycles of standardized chemotherapy, achieving complete metabolic remission confirmed by PET-CT imaging in May 1.
Lymphoma ranks among China's ten most common malignancies, with non-Hodgkin lymphomas accounting for over 90 percent of all cases 1. The disease presents particular diagnostic difficulty because its early symptoms overlap significantly with tuberculosis—both cause lymph node enlargement, night sweats, low-grade fever, and weight loss 1. Doctors emphasize that painless, progressive lymph node enlargement is a hallmark warning signal of lymphoma 1. Patients who notice persistent, enlarging lumps in the neck, armpit, or groin that cause no discomfort should seek medical evaluation promptly 1. Regular health screenings incorporating lymph node ultrasound, chest CT, and complete blood counts are recommended for early detection 1.
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