澳大利亚性传播疾病疫情持续恶化。2025年澳大利亚共记录42,393例淋病和5,986例传染性梅毒病例1，过去十年间淋病增长57%，梅毒增长56%1。鉴于疫情严重程度，梅毒已于2025年底被宣布为国家传染病1。首席医疗官迈克尔·基德教授敦促所有澳大利亚人进行检测1。
性别差异显著。女性梅毒感染率在过去十年增长170%，而男性仅增长39%1。原住民群体受到的冲击尤为严重——原住民感染淋病的诊断率是非原住民的4倍以上，梅毒诊断率更是6倍以上1。
先天性梅毒构成重大公共卫生威胁。2016至2025年间共有113例先天性梅毒，其中40例导致婴儿死亡，超过一半的死亡发生在第一民族婴儿中1。2025年新增先天性梅毒病例14例1。检测覆盖不足仍为疫情控制的障碍——澳大利亚16至49岁人群中仅17%在过去12个月进行过性传播疾病检测1。
Sexually transmitted infections are reaching critical levels across Australia, with health authorities declaring syphilis a national notifiable disease in late 2025. 1 The country recorded 42,393 cases of gonorrhea and 5,986 cases of infectious syphilis in 2025, representing alarming increases over the past decade. 1 Gonorrhea diagnoses have risen 57% and syphilis 56% over the ten-year period. 1
The crisis disproportionately affects women and Indigenous populations. 1 Female syphilis diagnoses have surged 170% in the past decade compared to a 39% increase among men. 1 Indigenous Australians face particularly severe burdens, with diagnosis rates for gonorrhea four times higher and syphilis diagnoses six times higher than among non-Indigenous populations. 1 The consequences for vulnerable infants have been devastating: between 2016 and 2025, there were 113 cases of congenital syphilis, resulting in 40 infant deaths, with more than half occurring among First Nations babies. 1 In 2025 alone, 14 cases of congenital syphilis were recorded. 1
Testing rates remain concerningly low despite the epidemic. Only 17% of Australians aged 16 to 49 underwent sexually transmitted infection testing in the past 12 months. 1 Chief Medical Officer Professor Michael Kidd has urged all Australians to get tested. 1
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