研究人员开发了一种新的筛选方法，用于辨识用铅基墨水书写的古代卷轴，为这些珍贵文献的进一步分析奠定了基础1。这项突破针对的是赫库兰尼姆出土的数百卷古卷，这些卷轴在公元79年维苏威火山喷发时被火山灰炭化，至今已有两千年历史1。为验证这一筛选方法的有效性，研究团队制作了现代仿制羊皮纸卷轴，并以相同方式进行炭化处理1。
这些珍贵的卷轴于1700年代从赫库兰尼姆一处宫殿的房间中挖掘出来，该处被认为是伊壁鸠鲁学派哲学家斐洛德穆斯的个人工作图书馆1。已识别的希腊哲学文本包括伊壁鸠鲁的《论自然》及斐洛德穆斯的著作，还有少量拉丁文作品1。超过600卷卷起的卷轴因其极端脆弱，长期以来被认为无法阅读1。此次研究成果已发表在《PLoS ONE》期刊上1。
Researchers have created a novel approach to unlock the secrets of scrolls carbonized by volcanic ash nearly 2,000 years ago in Herculaneum.1 The team produced modern replica parchment scrolls and subjected them to identical carbonization processes to validate a screening method capable of identifying ancient scrolls inscribed with lead-based ink, which represent the most promising candidates for further analysis.1 Their findings have been published in PLoS ONE.1
The scrolls originate from Herculaneum, a Roman town destroyed alongside Pompeii when Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE.1 Hundreds of papyrus scrolls were discovered in a palace—believed to have belonged to Lucius Calpurnius Piso—and were excavated in the 1700s from what is thought to have been the personal library of the Epicurean philosopher Philodemus.1 The collection includes identified Greek philosophical texts such as Epicurus's On Nature and works by Philodemus himself, along with a small number of Latin compositions.1
More than 600 rolled scrolls have long been considered unreadable due to their extreme fragility.1 This new screening methodology offers a pathway to systematically identify which of these delicate artifacts are viable candidates for decipherment, potentially unlocking centuries-old knowledge preserved in the ash.
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