英国牛津大学数学家阿兰·戈里利通过详细的数学建模研究，对一项流传逾2000年的建筑学观点提出了质疑。1 他的研究表明，关于古希腊帕特农神庙建筑特征被特意设计用来纠正光学幻觉的说法缺乏证据。1
这一理论认为，帕特农神庙的基座两侧并非水平，而是中心部分上升6厘米，同时柱体采用了膨胀（entasis）设计以纠正视觉扭曲。1 然而戈里利的分析表明，柱体膨胀仅为18毫米，在建筑物典型观看距离下几乎无法被人眼察觉。1 这一说法最初源自1世纪罗马建筑师维特鲁威的记载，而维特鲁威是在该神庙建成约400年后才撰写这些文献的。1 该研究已发表在《皇家学会开放科学》期刊。1
An Oxford University professor has challenged a centuries-old architectural belief through mathematical analysis, finding no evidence to support the long-held theory that the Parthenon's structural features were designed to correct optical illusions.1 Mathematician Alan Gorily conducted detailed computational modeling to examine whether the temple's curved base and column swelling actually served the corrective purpose traditionally attributed to them.1
The research reveals that while the Parthenon's base does rise 6 centimeters toward the center on both sides, the column enlargement known as entasis measures only 18 millimeters—nearly imperceptible at typical viewing distances.1 This finding undermines the widespread architectural doctrine that these features compensate for human visual distortion, a belief that has persisted for over 2,000 years and likely represents one of history's oldest myths.1 The theory traces back to Roman architect Vitruvius, who documented it approximately 400 years after the temple's construction, and subsequently became accepted as established fact through architectural literature.1
Gorily's analysis also casts doubt on whether the Hering illusion—the optical phenomenon the corrections allegedly address—would function effectively in three dimensions.1 The findings have been published in the Royal Society Open Science journal.1
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