贝尔法斯特女王大学针对29项研究进行的元分析表明，空气污染与自杀风险升高存在关联1。其中细颗粒物和二氧化氮的关联最为突出1，另有16项研究的叙述分析则表明二氧化硫、臭氧和噪声污染也与更高的自杀风险相关1。这项研究已发表在《流行病学与社区卫生杂志》上1，研究结果表明空气污染与自杀尝试和自杀意念升高相关1。
全球每年有超过720,000人因自杀死亡，自杀是15-29岁青少年第三大死因1。鉴于污染与自杀风险的这一关联，研究建议将环境污染纳入自杀预防策略1。
然而多位专家对该研究结论持谨慎态度。Dr Jon Van Niekerk指出，研究表明某些形式的空气污染可能与自杀行为略有增加相关，但未证实空气污染本身导致自杀意念或尝试1。Dr Stephen Burgess则认为研究混淆了因果关系和关联性这两个根本不同的概念1。专家普遍指出，空气污染与社会经济困难等其他因素往往共同存在，因此需要进一步研究以确定真正的因果关系1。
An international meta-analysis examining 29 studies has found associations between air pollution and increased suicide risk, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation.1 The research, conducted by Queen's University Belfast and published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, identified fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide as pollutants showing the strongest correlations with elevated suicide risk.1 A narrative analysis of an additional 16 studies indicated that sulfur dioxide, ozone, and noise pollution were also associated with higher suicide rates.1
The findings carry significant public health implications, as suicide claims over 720,000 lives globally each year and ranks as the third leading cause of death among adolescents aged 15 to 29.1 The researchers suggest that environmental pollution should be incorporated into suicide prevention strategies.1 However, experts have urged caution regarding claims of causation. Dr Jon Van Niekerk noted that while the research indicates certain forms of air pollution may be modestly associated with increased suicidal behavior, the study does not establish that air pollution itself causes suicidal ideation or attempts.1 Dr Stephen Burgess similarly cautioned that the research conflates two fundamentally different concepts: correlation and causation.1
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