美国最高法院驳回特朗普邮寄投票限制措施

美国最高法院拒绝了特朗普政府关于限制邮寄投票的提议，禁止在今年中期选举中执行新的邮寄投票规定123。该裁决维持了下级法院的禁令，允许各州继续按照既有程序向选民发送邮寄选票24。特朗普政府在法庭诉讼中未能提供选举欺诈证据来支持其限制措施13。

特朗普政府提出的计划要求各州采用统一的信封样式，并将符合条件的选民名单提交到在线门户网站，同时允许美国邮政服务拒绝向不合规州投递选票24。批评者和举报人警告称，邮政系统的这些要求可能导致数百万张合法邮寄选票无法被发送24。民主党州官员和投票权团体在法庭上辩称，总统没有宪法权限制定选举规则2。

在法院的裁决中，保守派大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺在并行意见中表示，虽然该计划最终可能合法，但"州和地方选举官员没有足够的时间在选举前合理实施该规则"4。另有大法官塞缪尔·阿利托和克拉伦斯·托马斯公开反对最高法院的决定4。这项裁决对全国近三分之一通过邮件投票的选民产生重大影响24。

The U.S. Supreme Court has rejected the Trump administration's attempt to impose new restrictions on mail-in voting for the midterm elections.123 The decision upholds lower court rulings that had already blocked the plan from taking effect.24

The Trump administration sought to require states to adopt uniform envelope styles and submit lists of eligible mail voters to an online portal, with the U.S. Postal Service authorized to refuse delivery to non-compliant states.24 Administration officials claimed these measures were necessary for election security, but the government failed to provide evidence of electoral fraud to support the restrictions during court proceedings.13 Democratic state officials and voting rights groups challenged the plan in court, arguing that the president lacks constitutional authority to establish election rules.2

Approximately one-third of voters nationwide cast ballots by mail.24 Critics warned that the Trump administration's proposal could prevent millions of legitimate mail-in ballots from being sent, citing concerns about improper construction and potential failures of the postal service portal system.24 Several states, including Alabama, North Carolina, and Wisconsin, had already begun sending mail-in ballots for the November election.4

Conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh wrote in a concurring opinion that while the plan might ultimately be lawful, "state and local election officials did not have sufficient time to reasonably implement the rule before the election."4 Justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas dissented from the majority, indicating they would have supported Trump's restrictions.4