澳大利亚女性经济学家在过去近150年间持续塑造该国经济政策与学术发展。1 近年来，这一贡献愈发显著：2023年至2026年间，丹尼尔·伍德、米歇尔·布洛克和詹妮·威尔金森分别成为生产力委员会主席、储备银行行长和财政部长的首位女性担任者。1 一部新出版的著作《数字中的力量》汇编了16位塑造澳大利亚经济学的女性故事，从19世纪末到当代政策领袖。1
澳大利亚女性在经济学领域的贡献源远流长。1880年，凯瑟琳·海伦·斯彭塞出版《我们生活的法律》，成为澳大利亚学校使用的第一部经济学教科书，在课程中保留了20年之久。1 1929年，澳大利亚经济学家玛丽恩·菲利普斯成为首位进入英国下议院的澳大利亚女性。1 进入现代，2008年贝萨·德达成为澳大利亚银行首位女首席经济学家（圣乔治银行），2023年露西·埃利斯成为大四银行首位女首席经济学家（西太平洋银行）。1
然而，女性经济学家在该领域的代表性仍需加强。当前澳大利亚女性经济学家占比约三分之一，但女性经济学教授仅占17%。1 更令人担忧的是，自1990年代初期男女高中学生在经济学选课人数大致相等以来，如今男生人数已约为女生的两倍。1
A new book titled "Power in Numbers: Women in Australian Economics" documents the remarkable contributions of female economists who have shaped Australia's economic landscape for nearly 150 years, bringing long-overdue attention to their historical achievements and ongoing influence.1 Between 2023 and 2026, three women made unprecedented breakthroughs in reaching the highest levels of economic policymaking: Daniel Wood became the first female chair of the Productivity Commission, Michelle Bullock became the first female Governor of the Reserve Bank, and Jenny Wilkinson became the first female Treasurer.1
The book traces this legacy back to 1880, when Catherine Helen Spence published "The Laws We Live Under," the first economics textbook used in Australian schools, which remained on curricula for two decades.1 In 1929, economist Marion Phillips became the first Australian woman elected to the British House of Commons.1 More recently, in 2008, Besa Deda became the first female chief economist at an Australian bank (St. George Bank), followed by Lucy Ellis, who became the first female chief economist at a major four bank (Westpac) in 2023.1
Despite these milestones, progress remains uneven. Women now comprise approximately one-third of Australia's economics workforce, yet female economics professors account for just 17 percent of the profession.1 Particularly concerning is a shift in secondary education: while male and female Year 12 economics students were roughly equal in numbers during the early 1990s, boys now outnumber girls by approximately two to one.1
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