澳大利亚首位女性高等法院法官玛丽·高德伦去世

玛丽·高德伦去世，享年83岁1。作为澳大利亚高等法院的首位女性法官，高德伦在法律生涯中创造了多项历史第一，对澳大利亚法律制度产生了深远影响1。

高德伦1943年出生于新南威尔士州乡村莫里镇1。1965年，她以一等荣誉毕业于悉尼大学法学院，并获得该校法律奖章1。在执业过程中，高德伦成为新南威尔士州首位获得大律师资格的女性，随后又成为澳大利亚首位女性司法部长1。1974年，她被任命为联邦法官，既是当时最年轻的任职者，也是该职位的首位女性1。

高德伦在高等法院的裁决对反歧视法律理论发展产生了深远影响1。在Street v Queensland Bar Association案中，她阐释了歧视的定义1。她最重要的贡献被认为是在Mabo案中与Deane法官的联合判决，该判决将过去对土著澳大利亚人的待遇描述为"这个国家历史中最黑暗的方面"1。高德伦于2003年从高等法院退休1，此后于2011年至2014年担任国际劳工组织行政法庭主席1。

Mary Gaudron, who broke numerous barriers throughout her legal career to become Australia's first female High Court judge, has passed away at age 83 1. Born in 1943 in the rural town of Moree in New South Wales, Gaudron graduated from the University of Sydney Law School with first-class honors in 1965 and received the university's legal medal 1.

Throughout her groundbreaking career, Gaudron achieved a series of historic milestones that reshaped Australia's legal landscape 1. She became the first woman to be admitted as a barrister in New South Wales and later the first female Attorney-General of Australia 1. In 1974, at a remarkably young age, she was appointed as a federal judge, making her both the youngest appointee and the first woman to hold the position 1. Her judicial interpretations proved influential in shaping anti-discrimination law, including her work in the Street v Queensland Bar Association case, which established key definitions of discrimination 1.

Gaudron's most significant contribution came through her joint judgment with Justice Deane in the landmark Mabo case, in which the court described the historical treatment of Indigenous Australians as "the darkest aspect of this country's history" 1. Following her retirement from the High Court in 2003, she served as Chair of the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization from 2011 to 2014 1.