凯文·哈特对提摩太·迈克尔·劳的著作《当上帝说希腊语时》进行了评论,该书深入探讨了七十士译本在早期基督教中的核心地位1。七十士译本是用古代希腊文翻译的旧约,最初于公元前三世纪早中期在亚历山大城为说希腊语的犹太人编译而成1。根据《亚里斯提亚斯信》的记载,埃及国王托勒密二世曾邀请72名犹太学者,用72天时间完成了《托拉》(《圣经》前五卷书)的希腊文翻译1。
这个希腊文版本成为了早期教会采用的圣经,教徒们将其视为上帝的启示言语1。然而,七十士译本与后世的公认希伯来圣经版本存在关键差异,尤其体现在神学内涵上1。例如,在《出埃及记》第15章第3节中,两个版本对上帝性质的描绘就有所不同1。使徒保罗在《罗马书》中引用的是七十士译本而非希伯来圣经,以此来支撑他的神学观点1。
1947年发现的死海古卷为这个古老的希腊译本提供了有力佐证1。这些出土文献表明,旧约中的较早手稿往往与七十士译本相符,而非现代公认的希伯来圣经版本,说明希伯来圣经的标准文本在某些地方是对更古老文本的修订1。2007年出版的《新英文七十士译本译本》(NETS)为学者提供了可靠的英文文献参照1。
Kevin Hart reviews Timothy Michael Law's book "When God Spoke Greek," which examines the critical importance of the Septuagint—an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures—in early Christian practice and its divergence from later canonical Hebrew biblical texts.1
The Septuagint was originally translated in Alexandria during the early-to-mid third century BCE for Greek-speaking Jewish communities.1 According to the Letter of Aristeas, Egyptian King Ptolemy II commissioned seventy-two Jewish scholars to complete a Greek translation of the Torah, the first five books of Hebrew scripture, over a seventy-two-day period.1 The early church adopted the Septuagint as its authoritative scripture, treating it as the divinely inspired word of God.1
The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947 revealed that earlier Old Testament manuscripts often aligned with the Septuagint rather than the later standardized Hebrew biblical version, indicating that the accepted Hebrew scriptures represent revisions to more ancient texts.1 In certain key passages, the Septuagint and Hebrew scriptures present theological differences; for instance, Exodus 15:3 portrays God's nature differently between the two versions.1 Paul drew on the Septuagint rather than the Hebrew scriptures to support his theological arguments in Romans.1 The New English Translation of the Septuagint (NETS), published in 2007, provides a reliable English-language text of these ancient Greek scriptures.1
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