世界卫生组织于2026年9月8日发布《烟草与不孕不育知识摘要》，公布了烟草对生殖健康影响的最新证据1。报告指出，吸烟女性的不孕风险比不吸烟者高40%，即从不吸烟者的15%上升至吸烟者的21%1。除了女性生殖功能外，吸烟还会损害男性生殖功能、降低婴儿活产率和妊娠率1。同时，吸烟可能使不孕不育成功治疗的机会减半1。
这份文件是世卫组织"烟草知识摘要"系列的第十二份文件，该系列始于2014年1。世卫组织在9月9日举办了线上研讨会深入讨论这一议题1。尽管烟草与不孕的相关研究已积累超过六十年，但医护人员的风险告知和公众认知仍需大幅提升1。世卫组织总干事谭德塞曾表示："不孕不育症是我们这个时代最被忽视的公共卫生挑战之一"1。麦克马斯特大学副教授南希·桑特索指出，需要医护人员主动告知风险、提升公众认知，并为吸烟者提供戒烟支持1。
The World Health Organization released a knowledge summary on September 8, 2026, documenting the relationship between tobacco use and infertility, revealing that women who smoke face a 40% increased risk of infertility compared to non-smokers 1. According to the document, the lifetime infertility risk rises from 15% among non-smokers to 21% among smokers 1. The organization noted that smoking can potentially reduce the chances of successful infertility treatment by half 1.
The WHO knowledge summary, titled "Tobacco and Infertility," represents the twelfth publication in the organization's tobacco knowledge summary series, which began in 2014 1. Beyond its impact on women, smoking damages male reproductive function and reduces both pregnancy rates and live birth rates 1. On September 9, 2026, the WHO convened an online seminar to discuss these findings, underscoring that while research linking tobacco and infertility has accumulated over more than sixty years, healthcare provider awareness and public understanding remain insufficient 1.
Nancy Santesso, an associate professor at McMaster University, emphasized the need for healthcare providers to actively inform patients of these risks, raise public awareness, and provide smoking cessation support to those affected 1. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has previously stated that infertility is "one of the most neglected public health challenges of our time" 1.
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