Costco旗下Kirkland Signature合成机油因全球润滑油短缺面临供应压力1。该品牌10夸脱装机油的价格已从中段30多美元上涨至57.99美元1，同时Costco对购买数量进行了限制，规定每位顾客每7天最多购买2件、总计不超过20夸脱1。Mobil 1品牌机油在Costco的限购数量为每位会员5件1。
润滑油短缺与现代石油精炼体系密切相关1。当代发动机对油品质量的要求日益严格，需要满足如GM dexos1 Gen 3等更复杂的行业认证标准1。更重要的是，润滑油基础油与汽油和柴油来自同一精炼系统1。当运输燃料能够获得更高收益时，精炼企业会优先生产燃料而压减润滑油产量，从而导致市场供应紧张1。
Costco has implemented purchase limits and raised prices on motor oil products amid a global lubricant shortage affecting supply chains worldwide. The retailer's Kirkland Signature synthetic oil in 10-quart containers has surged from the mid-$30 range to $57.99, while purchase restrictions now limit customers to two units per seven-day period with a maximum of 20 quarts 1. Mobil 1 motor oil sold at Costco faces even tighter rationing, capped at five units per member 1.
The shortage stems from structural pressures within petroleum refining and evolving automotive requirements. Base oils used for lubricants are derived from the same refining systems that produce transportation fuels, and when fuel products generate higher profit margins, lubricant production capacity becomes constrained 1. Additionally, modern engines impose stricter performance standards—such as General Motors' dexos1 Gen 3 certification—that require motor oils to meet increasingly complex chemical specifications, further straining available supply 1.
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