德国马克斯·普朗克太阳系研究所的科研团队发现，水星表面二氧化硅含量约为37%，远低于之前的预估1。这一发现表明水星的火山岩源自地幔深层经历广泛高温熔融的区域，揭示了这颗行星比科学家此前认为的具有更加炽热的火山过去1。研究主要作者Christian Renggli表示："我们的发现表明水星上的火山岩形成于比以前认为的更深的地幔融化物质"1。
研究团队通过制造精确校准的微小玻璃珠来测量红外特性，先在月球遥感数据上验证了该方法的有效性——相关月球数据来自美国宇航局月球侦察轨道器自2009年以来的观测——随后将其应用于水星数据分析1。这项研究由马克斯·普朗克太阳系研究所、明斯特大学和哥廷根大学的研究人员合作完成，已发表于《Planetary Research》期刊的2026年1月第1卷1。
BepiColombo任务定于2026年11月进入水星轨道1，该任务的MERTIS仪器将提供更高分辨率的红外测量数据，进一步验证这项研究的结果1。
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany have discovered that Mercury's surface contains approximately 37 percent silicon dioxide, significantly lower than previously estimated 1. This finding suggests that the planet experienced a more intensely volcanic past than scientists had anticipated, with the volcanic rocks originating from deep mantle regions that underwent extensive high-temperature melting 1.
The research team, comprising scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, the University of Münster, and the University of Göttingen, employed a novel methodology to reach these conclusions 1. They created precisely calibrated microscopic glass beads to measure infrared properties, first validating the technique using lunar remote sensing data collected by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter since 2009, before applying it to Mercury data 1. Christian Renggli, the study's lead author, stated: "Our findings indicate that the volcanic rocks on Mercury formed from mantle melting material at greater depths than previously thought" 1. The research was published in the journal Planetary Research in January 2026 1.
The BepiColombo mission is scheduled to enter Mercury's orbit in November 2026, with its two probes having separated from their transport capsule on September 3, 2026 1. The mission's MERTIS instrument is expected to provide higher-resolution infrared measurements that will help verify the study's findings 1.
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