在加州伊顿大火后，部分消防员采用谷胱甘肽（一种抗氧化剂）治疗火灾烟雾造成的伤害，并声称症状得到显著改善。1然而，代表超过36万名北美消防员的美国消防员协会上月发布罕见警告，指出该治疗方案缺乏大规模科学研究支持。1协会指出存在纯度问题和供应污染风险，已发生两起因污染物导致的近期召回事件。1
谷胱甘肽治疗在消防队伍中的历史可追溯至2017年加州Tubbs大火，由自然疗法医生组织发起。1尽管医学专家承认该方法在生物学上具有合理性，但现有证据不足以支持其有效性。1美国消防员协会指出，多名成员表示接受治疗后感觉更差。1专家建议优先关注防护装备和去污等已被证实有效的措施。1
消防员面临的职业健康风险不容忽视。1消防员因癌症死亡的风险比一般美国人群高14%。1加州药学委员会去年曾尝试通过新规限制谷胱甘肽生产，但后来放弃了该举措。1
Firefighters responding to California's Eaton Fire have reported significant symptom improvement after receiving glutathione, an antioxidant treatment for smoke inhalation injuries 1. The compound has been widely distributed to firefighters in the aftermath of the disaster, building on a practice that traces back to the 2017 Tubbs Fire, when naturopathic doctors first organized its provision 1.
However, the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF), which represents over 360,000 firefighters across North America, issued a rare warning last month about the treatment's risks 1. The union cited two recent product recalls due to contamination, concerns about purity standards, and insufficient large-scale scientific evidence supporting glutathione's effectiveness 1. The IAFF also reported that some members experienced worsened symptoms after receiving the treatment 1. Medical experts acknowledged the biological rationale for the approach but stressed that current evidence is insufficient to confirm its efficacy, recommending that firefighters prioritize proven protective measures such as proper equipment and decontamination procedures 1.
The debate occurs against a backdrop of elevated cancer risk among firefighters, who face a 14 percent higher mortality rate from cancer compared to the general American population 1. Last year, California's pharmacy board attempted to implement new regulations restricting glutathione production but ultimately abandoned the effort 1.
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