英国智库组织呼吁政府立即对自动驾驶汽车开征专项税，以应对这一新兴产业对驾驶员就业的冲击。1伦敦首批机器人出租车已于本月启动运营，政府预计到下一个十年中期，新售汽车中可能有高达40%具备自动驾驶能力。1
该报告警示，广泛采用自动驾驶技术将威胁英国417,000名出租车和私家车驾驶员的工作机会，其中伦敦地区涉及121,000人。1报告建议通过对自动驾驶汽车的税收来填补传统燃油税的空缺——后者目前每年为政府产生约27亿英镑收入，预计随着电动汽车普及而逐步消失。1根据测算，若到2050年将自动驾驶汽车收费设定为与其造成的道路拥堵社会成本相符（约每英里88便士），每年可增加470亿英镑的税收收入。1不过高度自动化驾驶预计也将导致道路行驶里程增加24%。1
对此，自动驾驶公司Wayve的首席全球事务官Sarah Gates表示："在这个早期阶段对该行业征收特定税收会破坏政府的增长议程。"1而GMB工会代表Simon Rush则指出："无人驾驶汽车威胁私家车驾驶员的生计和依赖于此的业务。"1
A British think tank is calling on the government to impose taxes on autonomous vehicles now to mitigate employment disruption and traffic congestion risks. London's first robot taxis began operating this month, and the government projects that up to 40% of new cars sold by the middle of the next decade could feature self-driving capabilities.1 The think tank warns that widespread adoption of autonomous vehicles would threaten approximately 417,000 private and taxi driver jobs across the UK, with 121,000 positions at risk in London alone.1
The proposed tax scheme would address a significant fiscal challenge as existing fuel duties, which currently generate around £2.7 billion annually, are expected to disappear with the transition to electric vehicles.1 According to the analysis, if autonomous vehicle fees were set to match the social cost of congestion—approximately 88 pence per mile—they could generate £47 billion in annual revenue by 2050.1 The report also projects that highly automated driving could increase road miles traveled by 24% by 2050, potentially exacerbating congestion concerns.1
The proposal has already drawn criticism from industry representatives. Wayve's Chief Global Affairs Officer Sarah Gates stated that "imposing specific taxes on this industry at this early stage would undermine the government's growth agenda."1 Meanwhile, Simon Rush of the GMB union countered that "driverless cars threaten the livelihoods of private car drivers and the businesses that depend on them."1
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