特朗普承诺共和党赢得中期选举将向每位美国成年人发放5000美元

特朗普在得克萨斯州达拉斯共和党中期选举大会上承诺，如果共和党在中期选举中保持众议院和参议院的控制权，将向每位美国成年人发放5000美元的"股息"456。这一提议的总成本约为1.2万亿至1.3万亿美元11214。特朗普在演讲中强调，"股息必须在美国境内消费"6。

然而，特朗普未披露该计划的具体资金筹措方案或政府如何追踪资金支出614。副总统万斯随后部分收回了这一承诺，表示该红利不会发放给所有人，并暗示资金来源将来自关税收入，同时暗示该福利可能设置收入限制41214。自2025年初以来，美国征收的关税和消费税收入约为475亿美元，但已有超过100亿美元被退款14。

这一承诺立即引发广泛质疑。民主党人称之为"空头支票"112，经济学家担忧该政策可能导致通胀13。共和党内部也出现分歧，俄亥俄州共和党参议员伯尼·莫雷诺承诺在11月3日选举后立即推进该法案12。关于该承诺的法律合规性，法律专家意见不一14。特朗普曾提议向美国人发放2000美元的支票，但该承诺未被兑现14。

President Donald Trump pledged at the Republican midterm convention in Dallas that if Republicans retain control of both the House and Senate in the November midterm elections, every American adult will receive a $5,000 "dividend" payment.123456711121415 The proposal would cost approximately $1.2 to $1.3 trillion annually, based on the roughly 240 million to 270 million American adults in the country.114 Trump has not disclosed how the government would fund or track the distribution of these payments.614

Vice President JD Vance subsequently appeared to walk back the promise, indicating that the dividend would not be distributed to all recipients and suggesting that funding would come from tariff revenue.4814 The commitment immediately drew criticism and skepticism from multiple quarters. Democrats dismissed it as a hollow pledge and a form of bribery,12 while some Republican figures expressed doubt about its viability. However, Ohio Republican Senator Bernie Moreno pledged to advance legislation immediately after the November 3 election.12 Economists have raised concerns about potential inflationary consequences,13 and bond markets have shown concern over the proposal.8

Legal experts remain divided on the constitutionality of such a payment scheme. Some analysts suggested the proposal might be lawful as it resembles tax reduction promises,14 while others characterized it as fundamentally different and highly transactional in nature.14 Notably, Trump had previously promised $2,000 checks that were not delivered, and observers have drawn parallels to President Biden's 2021 pledge of $2,000 coronavirus stimulus payments.1114 The tariff and consumption tax revenue collected since early 2025 totals approximately $475 billion, though refunds have exceeded $100 billion.14