美国加紧脱离对华电池依赖的努力

美国能源储存市场正在快速扩张，但这一产业对廉价中国电池的依赖程度深重。1特朗普政府于8月晚期发布行政令，宣布国家紧急状态，禁止中国电池用于电网规模的能源储存系统。1

为进一步推动本土产业自主，新规定要求从2026年起，新能源储存项目55%的材料成本必须来自中国以外的国家。1同时，电池进口关税从7.5%上调至25%，这一调整自2025年1月起生效。1

尽管政策支持力度不断加大，但美国国内电池产业仍面临成本劣势。美国生产的电池仍明显比中国产电池昂贵。1不过，国内产能扩张正在推进，LG Energy Solutions、Samsung SDI、Ford和SK On等企业的新工厂计划在明年投产或扩产。1根据预测，美国有望在2030年左右拥有足够的国内电池产能。1

The Trump administration issued an executive order in late August declaring a national emergency and banning Chinese batteries from grid-scale energy storage systems 1. This action reflects growing US concerns about its heavy reliance on affordable Chinese batteries even as the country rapidly develops its energy storage market 1.

To accelerate domestic battery production, the US government implemented new regulations requiring that 55 percent of material costs for new energy storage projects come from non-Chinese sources starting in 2026 1. Additionally, import tariffs on batteries increased from 7.5 percent to 25 percent beginning in January 2025 1. These policy measures aim to foster domestic manufacturing capacity, though American-produced batteries currently remain significantly more expensive than their Chinese counterparts 1.

Several major manufacturers have announced plans to boost production in response to these changes. LG Energy Solutions, Samsung SDI, Ford, and SK On are preparing new factories or expansions scheduled to begin operations or ramp up next year 1. The US is projected to achieve sufficient domestic battery production capacity by around 2030 1.