星际彗星3I/ATLAS含有异常高浓度的甲醇，远超太阳系已知彗星的水平。1利用ALMA在2025年晚期的多次观测，研究团队发现该彗星的甲醇-氰化氢比例达到70至120，这一数值反映了其形成条件与太阳系彗星的显著差异。1其中甲醇来自彗核和漂浮的冰粒，而氰化氢主要源于彗核。1
3I/ATLAS是第三个进入太阳系的确认星际天体，前两个分别是1I/'Oumuamua和2I/Borisov。1此前詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜曾发现该彗星的彗发以二氧化碳为主。1这颗来自其他恒星系统的天体为了解星际天体的化学成分和形成环境提供了宝贵的观测数据。
Observations of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS have revealed unexpectedly elevated levels of methanol, surpassing those found in known comets from our solar system.1 Using the ALMA observatory, researchers detected a methanol-to-hydrogen cyanide ratio ranging from 70 to 120 in the comet, a composition that reflects formation conditions distinctly different from those of solar system comets.1 The methanol originates from both the comet's nucleus and surrounding icy particles, while hydrogen cyanide is primarily produced by the nucleus itself.1
As the third confirmed interstellar object to enter our solar system, following 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, comet 3I/ATLAS provides valuable insights into how celestial bodies form in other stellar systems.1 Earlier observations from the James Webb Space Telescope had identified that the comet's coma is dominated by carbon dioxide.1 The ALMA observations were conducted at multiple points in late 2025 at the Atacama site in Chile.1
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