美国第五巡回法院将于周三在新奥尔良审理一起关键诉讼，涉及对药物流产核心药物米非司酮处方规则的限制1。该案由路易斯安那州总检察长莉兹·穆里尔和一名女性提起，该女性称遭胁迫使用堕胎药1。法院需要裁定现行处方规则是否过于宽松1。
当前，美国至少五分之三的堕胎采用米非司酮与米索前列醇的两种药物组合完成，成功率为97.4%1。据估计，2025年每月有770至900名路易斯安那州女性通过在线处方或其他州医生处方获得堕胎药1。与此同时，美国有13个州全面禁止堕胎，另有4个州在怀孕约6周后施行禁令1。密西西比州和德州等地已采取法律措施，对处方堕胎药物的人员施加民事或刑事处罚1。
这起诉讼是最高法院2022年推翻罗诉韦德案后，反堕胎人士限制堕胎获取的多项努力之一1。最高法院曾于2024年以申请人缺乏法律诉讼资格为由一致驳回了推翻药物流产可获性的努力1。该问题在特朗普政府面临政治困境，因为反堕胎支持者要求进一步限制，但公众舆论普遍支持堕胎获取权1。特朗普提名的FDA负责人人选海迪·欧弗顿曾公开批评该机构放宽该药物的处方规则1。
The U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals is set to hear arguments Wednesday on whether to tighten prescription rules for mifepristone, a key drug used in medication abortion 1. The case, filed by Louisiana's attorney general and a woman who claims she was coerced into using abortion medication, represents one of several efforts by abortion opponents to limit access to abortion following the Supreme Court's 2022 decision overturning Roe v. Wade 1.
At least three-fifths of abortions in the United States now involve a two-drug combination, with mifepristone being one of the medications in question 1. The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol has demonstrated a 97.4 percent success rate 1. Estimates suggest that between 770 and 900 women per month in Louisiana obtain abortion pills through online prescriptions or prescriptions from doctors in other states 1. Currently, 13 states impose complete abortion bans, while four additional states prohibit the procedure after approximately six weeks of pregnancy 1.
The case arrives amid political complications for the Trump administration, as abortion opponents push for stricter limitations while public opinion generally favors access to abortion 1. The Supreme Court previously rejected a similar effort unanimously in 2024, finding that the plaintiffs lacked legal standing to challenge medication abortion's availability 1. Several states, including Mississippi and Texas, have already enacted laws imposing civil or criminal penalties on those who prescribe abortion drugs 1. Heidi Heitkamp, Trump's nominated FDA director, has previously criticized the agency's decision to relax prescription rules for the medication 1.
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