孟加拉国麻疹疫情严峻 近千人丧生

孟加拉国正面临麻疹疫情的严重威胁，自2025年初以来已有999例死亡病例1，其中仅3月一个月就有超过100名儿童死亡1。官方报告的疑似病例数超过166,000例，其中经实验室确诊的病例达19,835例1。

该国疫情形势恶化与疫苗接种中断密切相关。孟加拉国原本每四年组织一次疫苗接种活动，但这一计划在2024年被中断1，导致大量儿童形成免疫空白。新冠疫情期间的中断以及2024年政治动荡加剧了疫苗供应短缺1。为应对患者激增的局面，卫生部门自3月起启动了紧急疫苗接种计划1。

根据世界卫生组织的防控标准，需要95%的人口接种疫苗才能有效阻止疾病传播1。孟加拉国2020年曾报告2,410例麻疹病例，其后病例数下降至每年100-300例，直到近期再次爆发1。患者多伴有肺炎、腹泻和脑炎等严重并发症1。

Bangladesh is battling a severe measles outbreak that has claimed nearly 1,000 lives since the beginning of 2025, with the death toll reaching 999 cases 1. The country has been grappling with a dramatic resurgence of the disease, compounded by vaccination coverage gaps created during the COVID-19 pandemic and political instability in 2024 that disrupted routine immunization programs. More than 166,000 suspected cases have been recorded, of which approximately 19,835 have been confirmed through laboratory testing 1.

The scale of the outbreak represents a stark reversal from recent years. In 2020, Bangladesh reported 2,410 measles cases, after which the numbers declined to between 100 and 300 annually until this recent surge 1. Healthcare workers are now struggling to manage the influx of patients, many of whom develop serious complications including pneumonia, diarrhea, and encephalitis 1. In March alone, more than 100 children died from the disease 1.

Bangladesh launched an emergency vaccination campaign in March to contain the spread, but progress has been hampered by inadequate vaccine supplies stemming from disruptions to the country's vaccination schedule 1. The campaign faces a formidable challenge: the World Health Organization requires 95 percent population immunization coverage to halt disease transmission 1. The outbreak has exposed the vulnerability created by the interruption of Bangladesh's routine four-year vaccination cycle in 2024, leaving a substantial proportion of children unprotected against the highly contagious virus 1.