东南亚已演变为全球网络诈骗的主要枢纽，该产业年产值数百亿美元，已超越毒品贸易成为犯罪集团利润最丰厚的活动1。根据联合国数据，这一产业至少雇佣了来自66个国家的30万名被贩运劳工1，其中非洲国民已成为被贩往缅甸和柬埔寨等国的最大群体1。
被贩运者遭遇严重的劳工剥削和暴力虐待。利比里亚籍受害者埃曼努埃尔·大卫被承诺月薪800美元（约700欧元），却被强迫每天工作14小时从事约会诈骗1。受害者普遍遭受殴打、电击等刑讯逼供，有受害者因此需要住院治疗三周1。
为回应国际压力，柬埔寨政府过去一年突袭了700多个由中国籍人士运营的诈骗窝点，逮捕近30000名嫌疑人，驱逐58266名外国人1。然而这些打击行动反而将无证件的被贩运外国工人推入了更深的人道主义困境。许多非洲国家（包括乌干达、利比里亚、加纳、尼日利亚等）在柬埔寨没有领事代表处，且对被贩运公民的遣返援助不足1。被贩运受害者在柬埔寨面临签证逾期罚款数千美元、移民拘留和街头无家可归等二次伤害1。
Southeast Asia has become a global epicenter for large-scale online fraud, generating hundreds of billions of dollars annually and surpassing drug trafficking as the most lucrative criminal enterprise.1 The industry exploits at least 300,000 trafficked workers from 66 countries, with African nationals now forming the largest group of victims transported to and detained in Myanmar and Cambodia.1
Individuals caught in this system endure severe exploitation. Emmanuel David, a Liberian national, was promised a monthly salary of $800 but was forced to work 14 hours daily conducting romance scams.1 Trafficked workers face systematic abuse including beatings and electric shocks during interrogation, with some requiring hospitalization for weeks.1 The Cambodian government, responding to international pressure, has conducted raids on over 700 fraud operations allegedly run by Chinese nationals in the past year, resulting in nearly 30,000 arrests and the deportation of 58,266 foreign nationals.1
However, these enforcement actions have triggered a secondary humanitarian crisis for vulnerable migrants. Many African countries—including Uganda, Liberia, Ghana, and Nigeria—lack consular representation in Cambodia and provide insufficient repatriation assistance to trafficked citizens.1 Stranded victims face visa overstay penalties totaling thousands of dollars, immigration detention, and homelessness on Cambodian streets.1
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